先苦后乐:英语乐学大学生在英语学习时情绪反应的脑认知特点  

Bitterness followed by happiness: A fMRI study on English lovers

作　　者：刘潞潞 卢家楣[2] 和美 周建设 肖晶 罗劲 

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学心理学院北京市"学习与认知"重点实验室,北京100048 [2]上海师范大学教育学院,上海200234 [3]中国人民大学劳动人事学院,北京100872 [4]首都师范大学北京成像技术高精尖创新中心,北京100048

出　　处：《心理学报》2017年第11期1414-1427,共14页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：北京市教委市属高校创新能力提升计划项目(TJSH20161002801);教育部哲学社会科学重大课题攻关项目(13JZD048);北京成像技术高精尖创新中心(BAICIT-2016018)资助

摘　　要：运用功能性磁共振成像(fMRI)技术探索了乐学英语的大学生在对中、英文材料的学习、记忆及成绩反馈过程中的情绪和脑活动特征。结果发现,被试学习英文较之学习中文积极情绪更少且伴随更强的前部脑岛的激活;但当他们获得关于英文成绩的正反馈时,中脑奖赏区的激活却明显高于获得中文成绩正反馈时的情形,且中脑激活与英语乐学呈正相关。这说明乐学是"苦中作乐",人们虽在学习时并未体验到更多快乐,但其成功却带来了更大的心理奖赏。Academic emotions play important roles in academic motivation and achievement. However, most of the studies on academic emotions focused on negative ones such as test anxiety, the positive academic emotions such as pride, enjoyment, and hope are far less investigated, let alone the brain basis underlying them. In this study, we explored the neural correlates of positive academic emotions by functional magnetic resonance imaging（fMRI）. College students who have high positive academic emotions for learning English（English lovers） were selected as participants. They were required to remember and recognize English or Chinese materials while their brain activation were recorded. Through comparing the neural correlates involved in processing the Chinese and English materials in different stages, which critically included the learning and testing stages, the mental preparation stage before learning and testing, and the feedback of memory performance stage, we can identify the cognitive brain processes, especially the emotional and motivational ones, characterized English lovers. English lovers were selected by English Happy-Learning Questionnaire（EHQ）, together with Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey（MBI-GS）, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale（SAS）, and Self-Rating Depression Scale（SDS） to eliminate possible confounders. Nineteen college students（nine males and ten females） who meet the criterion of the study participated in this experiment. Unfamiliar city-state name pairs, which could be presented in English（e.g., Conakry-Guinea） or in Chinese（e.g., 阿塔富-托克劳）, were used as materials. Participants were instructed to remember 144 city-state name pairs（72 for each language）, and then they were given the memory（recognition） test. We focused not only on the brain activation involved in memorizing and recognizing English/Chinese materials, but also on those involved in the mental preparation for learning and testing, and that in getting positive or negative feedbacks in me

关 键 词：乐学情感 积极学业情绪 英语 FMRI 脑岛 中脑 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] G44[哲学宗教—心理学]