春季长江口外海底层鱼类群聚特征及其与环境因子的关系  

DEMERSAL FISH ASSEMBLAGE CHARACTERISTICS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES IN THE SEA OFF CHANGJIANG RIVER ESTUARY

作　　者：徐勇[1,2,3] 马林 李新正[1,2,3] 孙悦 龚琳[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所海洋生物分类与系统演化实验室,青岛266071 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋生物学与生物技术功能实验室,青岛266237

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2017年第6期1383-1391,共9页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)"黑潮及其变异对中国近海生态系统的影响";XDA11020303号;海洋公益性行业科研专项;201505004-1号;青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室鳌山科技创新计划项目;2015ASKJ01号

摘　　要：为了研究春季长江口外海底层鱼类群聚特征及其与环境因子的关系,我们根据2015年5月长江口外海底层鱼类的调查资料,使用聚类分析(Cluster)、非参数多维标度排序(NMDS)、相似性分析(ANOSIM)、相似性百分比分析(SIMPER)以及典型对应分析(CCA)等方法对资料进行分析。本研究共记录底层鱼类58种,其中鲈形目种类数最多(21种),鲽形目次之。六丝钝尾虾虎鱼(Amblychaeturichthys hexanema)是优势种。底层鱼类可以划分为3个群组—近海组、南部中间组和南部远海组,不同群组的物种组成差异显著。南部中间组和南部远海组的物种多为东海外海种类,这可能是近岸黑潮底层分支影响的结果。物种数、Margalef丰富度、Shannon-Wiener多样性和Pielou均匀度从近海到与远海呈逐渐增加的趋势。CCA分析表明深度是显著影响底层鱼类的环境因子。短鳄齿鱼(Champsodon snyderi)、丝鳍(Repomucenus virgis)、多棘腔吻鳕(Coelorinchus multispinulosus)等东海外海种类与深度呈正相关,而优势种六丝钝尾虾虎鱼受环境因子影响较小。To understand the characteristics of the demersal fish assemblage and its relationship with environmental variables in the sea off Changjiang（Yangtze） River estuary, demersal fish samples were collected in May, 2015, and data were analyzed using statistical methods including Cluster analysis, Non-metric Multi-dimensional Scaling（NMDS）, ANOSIM, SIMPER, and Canonical Correspondence Analysis（CCA）. Totally 58 demersal fish species were identified, of which Perciformes（21 species） was most diverse, followed by Pleuronectiformes. Amblychaeturichthys hexanema was the most dominant species. Three demersal fish assemblages were identified： Inshore group, Southern-middle group, and Southern-offshore group. Most of the species in Southern-middle group and Southern-offshore group were pelagic species in the East China Sea, which is perhaps because of the influence of the Near-shore Kuroshio Bottom Branch. The number of species, Margalef richness, Shannon-Wiener diversity and Pielou evenness show an increasing trend from inshore to offshore. The result indicates that depth was the most significant environmental variables affecting the demersal fish assemblage. Pelagic species such as Champsodon snyderi, Repomucenus virgis, and Coelorinchus multispinulosus were positively correlated to depth. Dominant species Amblychaeturichthys hexanema was influenced relatively less by environment variables measured.

关 键 词：底层鱼类 群落结构 长江口 环境因子 

分 类 号：P735[天文地球—海洋生物学] Q178.1[天文地球—海洋科学]