后分析历史哲学与历史知识客观性的重建-当代西方史学理论的一个新趋向  

Post-Analytic Philosophy of History and Reconstructing the Objectivity of Historical Knowledge:A New Trend of the Theory in Contemporary Western Historiography

作　　者：顾晓伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学历史学院,北京100875

出　　处：《中国社会科学评价》2017年第4期66-81,共16页China Social Science Review

摘　　要：新世纪以来,西方史学理论界关于历史哲学向何处去的论争此起彼伏,大致可以梳理出渐趋融合且深藏对立的两种进路:其一是叙述主义历史哲学内部的调整和超越;其二是分析的历史哲学的新发展和新突破。后分析历史哲学家继续借鉴英美科学哲学和语言哲学的最新成果,特别是吸收逻辑实用主义者蒯因对经验论两个教条的批判,以及对自然化认识论的倡导,侧重探讨被叙述主义者遮蔽的历史证据及其历史认识论问题,尝试为重建历史知识的客观性寻找一个简单且行之有效的新实用主义方案。Since the advent of the new century,there have been continued debates in Western historiographical circles on the direction of the philosophy of history.Two seemly integrating but essentially opposing approaches can be sorted out from it.One is the adjustment and transcendence within the narrativist philosophy of history.The other is the new development and breakthrough of the analytic philosophy of history.Post-analytic philosophers of history,constantly learning from the latest outcomes of British and American philosophy of science and philosophy of language,especially absorbing logical pragmatist Quine's criticism on the two dogmas of empiricism and his advocacy of naturalized epistemology,focus on historical evidence and historical epistemology that have been obscured by narrators,trying to find a simple and effective way for rebuilding the objectivity of historical knowledge.

关 键 词：历史证据 历史知识的客观性 蒯因 海登·怀特 新实用主义 

分 类 号：K01[历史地理—历史学]