直驱式永磁同步海流机叶轮不平衡的故障检测  

Blade Imbalance Fault Detection Method for Direct-Driven Marine Current Turbine with Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator

作　　者：张米露[1] 王天真[1] 汤天浩[1] Yide Wang 

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学电气自动化系,上海201306 [2]南特大学CNRSUMR6164IETR,南特44000

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2018年第1期38-47,共10页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61673260)和上海市自然科学基金(16ZR1414300)资助项目.

摘　　要：针对波浪、湍流等影响下直驱式永磁同步海流机叶轮不平衡的故障检测,提出一种基于定子电流频率的故障特征分析方法。首先,该方法针对故障特征频率易被基波或噪声淹没的问题,采用总体最小二乘-旋转矢量不变技术(TLS-ESPRIT)估计电流瞬时频率。其次,采用广义似然比检测(GLRT)方法设计不平衡故障检测器,通过分析检测器中变量,获取合适的监测量。最后,提出一种基于伸缩变换的数据标准化方法提取故障特征,解决同一故障在不同流速下故障特征多样的问题。理论分析、海流机仿真与海流样机实验结果验证了所提方法的有效性。该方法基于定子电流,易于实现,对于保证海流机安全高效运行以及减少维护费用等方面具有重要的实际意义。To detect the blade imbalance fault for direct-drive permanent magnet synchronous marine current turbine under the condition of wave and turbulence, an imbalance fault characteristics analysis method is proposed based on the frequency of the stator current. The instantaneous frequency of stator current is first estimated by total least squares-estimation of signal parameters via rotation invariant technique （TLS-ESPRIT） to solve the problem that the fault characteristic frequency is buried in the fundamental frequency and noise. Then, the generalized likelihood ratio test （GLRT） method is used to design the imbalanced fault detector in order to select the appropriate monitoring variable. At last, the data normalization method is proposed to solve the problem of various forms for a same imbalance fault caused by variable characteristic frequencies at different flow velocities. Theoretical analysis, simulation and experimental results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. This method based on the stator current is easy to be realized, which has important practical significance for ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the marine current turbine system and reducing the maintenance cost.

关 键 词：海流发电 直驱式永磁 不平衡故障 瞬时频率 总体最小二乘-旋转矢量不变技术(TLS-ESPRIT) 

分 类 号：TM313[电气工程—电机]