区块链技术在医疗领域中的应用探讨  

Application of blockchain technology in medical field

作　　者：赵延红[1] 原宝华[2] 梁军[3] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学第一附属医院网络信息部,西安710061 [2]西安交通大学医学部,西安710061 [3]西安交通大学第一附属医院宣传部,西安710061

出　　处：《中国医学教育技术》2018年第1期1-7,共7页China Medical Education Technology

摘　　要：区块链技术是一种通过去中心化、高信任的方式来集体维护一个可靠数据库的技术方案,是继云计算、物联网、大数据之后的一项颠覆性信息应用技术。其核心技术包括分布式账本技术、非对称加密算法以及智能合约等,具有去中心化、共识机制、可追溯性以及高度信任等特征。区块链技术作为比特币的底层技术在金融和其他商业领域应用已日趋成熟,同时在医疗领域也具有较大的应用潜力,有助于推动医疗体系变革,医疗数据的安全共享和协作。借鉴金融领域区块链应用的经验,医疗领域的区块链主要体现为七大应用模式,包括医联体、医疗去中心化、电子健康档案、医疗器械追溯管理、可穿戴设备、医院信息集成平台以及保障信息安全等。鉴于医疗服务本身的高风险和复杂性,区块链技术在医疗领域的应用存在运行推广难、存储空间有限以及其自身安全隐患可能面临的数据隐私保护风险等挑战。Blockchain technology,a technical scheme to maintain a reliable database by means of decentralization and high trust,is regarded as another subversive technology after cloud computing,Internet of things,and big data.Its core technologies include distributed accounting technology,asymmetric encryption algorithm,and intelligent contract.Furthermore,it has distinctive characteristics such as decentralization,consensus mechanism,traceability,and high trust.Nowadays,as the underlying technology of bitcoin,blockchain technology is not only applied in the fields of finance and other business areas,but also has a great potential in medical field.It will help promote reform of healthcare system,safe sharing of medical data and collaboration.Based on the experience and enlightenment from the application of blockchain in financial field,the blockchain in medical field is mainly embodied in seven application modes:medical alliance,medical decentralization,electronic health record,medical apparatus traceability management,wearable equipment,and hospital information integration platform and information safety.Due to high risks and great complexity of healthcare,the application of blockchain technology in medical field is also faced with new challenges,including difficulty in operation and application,limited data storage space,and safety risks of medical data'privacy protection caused by blockchain technology itself.

关 键 词：区块链 医疗领域 去中心化 隐私保护 数据共享 

分 类 号：G40-057[文化科学—教育学原理]