大客车后视镜振动性能预测与结构优化  

Vibration Performance Prediction and Structure Optimization of Passenger Vehicle Rear-View Mirror

作　　者：刘旭宇 曾发林[2] 李建康[2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏大学汽车与交通工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]江苏大学汽车工程研究院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《重庆理工大学学报（自然科学）》2017年第12期47-52,77,共7页Journal of Chongqing University of Technology：Natural Science

基　　金：江苏省高校自然科学研究项目(11KJA580001)

摘　　要：客车后视镜是驾驶员判断车周路况的重要依据,为提高客车行驶安全性,需采用有限元分析方法计算求解后视镜的动态特性。采用Hypermesh软件对后视镜做约束模态分析,得到系统的各阶固有频率及振型。利用LMS测试软件,通过锤击法测试计算系统的各阶固有频率及振型以验证仿真模型的有效性。仿真与试验结果表明:后视镜在侧向与垂向的抖动较大,且1阶固有频率偏低,在该频率的激励下易产生共振,影响安全性,需将其控制在规定阈值内。因此对传统后视镜进行结构优化并进行模态分析,仿真结果表明,改进后的结构提高了系统的一阶固有频率,很好地降低了共振的危险性,提升了整车的NVH性能。这为今后设计开发后视镜提供了预测,也为提高客车整车NVH提供了依据。Rear-view mirror is an important basis for bus drivers to see the situation around the bus.In order to improve the safety of the automobile in driving,the dynamic properties of rear-view mirror should be simulated and analyzed. The constraint modal analysis of the rear-view was conducted by Hypermesh software,the natural frequencies and mode shapes were got to verify the validity of the simulation model through the impact test of LMS test software. The result indicates that the rear-view mirror has large lateral and vertical vibration and small first natural frequency,which should becontrolled within a certain threshold frequency. The structure was optimized based on the result of modal analysis. The simulation result shows that the optimization design improved the first natural frequency and deduced the dangerousness of sympathetic vibration. This provides a prediction for the future design and development of the rear-view mirror as well as a basis to improve the NVH performance for the bus.

关 键 词：后视镜 模态分析 固有频率 振型 共振 

分 类 号：U463.856[机械工程—车辆工程]