北半球温室气体和土地利用/覆盖变化对地面气温日较差的影响  

Impact of Increased Greenhouse Gas Concentration and Land Use/Land Cover Changes on Diurnal Temperature Range in Northern Hemisphere

作　　者：胡祖恒 徐忠峰[1] 马柱国[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东亚区域气候-环境重点实验室中国科学院大气物理研究所,北京100029 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《气象》2017年第12期1453-1460,共8页Meteorological Monthly

基　　金：国家科技攻关计划(2016YFA0600403);国家自然科学基金项目(41675080和91637103);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2012CB956203)共同资助

摘　　要：为了探究温室气体(greenhouse gas,GHG)和土地利用/覆盖变化(land use and land cover change,LULCC)对于地面气温日较差(diurnal temperature range,DTR)的影响及相对贡献作用,本文采用耦合地球系统模式(Community Earth System Model)进行了模拟研究。模拟结果表明:GHG浓度的增加导致北半球中高纬度地区年平均DTR显著降低,但GHG引起DTR变化存在显著的季节差异,在暖季和冷季,北美地区和西伯利亚地区呈现出相反的变化特征,GHG增加对于中高纬度地区年平均DTR的降低作用主要是由冷季贡献的。LULCC通过影响叶面积指数和地面反照率显著降低东亚、南亚、欧洲和北美东部地区的DTR。通过创建一种新的分析方式,本文研究了GHG和LULCC对DTR的相对贡献作用,在北半球高纬度地区,GHG在DTR的变化中扮演着主导作用,但在中纬度地区和南亚地区,无论是DTR变化数值的正负符号还是大小,LULCC都起着显著的影响作用。To investigate the impact of increased greenhouse gas （GHG） concentration and land use and land cover change （LULCC） on diurnal temperature range （DTR）, several numerical experiments were performed using the fully coupled Community Earth System Model （CESM）. The results of the model simulation show that the increased GHG concentration has led to significant decrease in DTR over mid- and high-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. However, GHG-induced changes in DTR have the significant differences in different seasons. During the warm and cold seasons, there is an opposite change character in the North America and the Siberia Region. The reduction of annual DTR induced by the increased GHG over mid-high-latitudes is mainly contributed by the cold season. LULCC caused a weakening of the DTR in Eastern Asia, Southern Asia, Europe, and Eastern North America. We visualize the LULCC- and mo He the re important role in changing DTR in Southern Asia and Europe and in high-latitudes of the Northern misphere. In contrast, LULCC plays a dominant role in determining changes in DTR in the mid-latitudes of Northern Hemisphere and Southern Asia, whether in the magnitude or value of the changes in DTR.

关 键 词：气候模拟 人类强迫 气温日较差 土地利用/覆盖变化 

分 类 号：P46[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]