客观性、抽象和个人：克尔凯郭尔对费耶阿本德的影响  

Objectivity,Abstraction,and the Individual:The Influence of S?ren Kierkegaard on Paul Feyerabend

作　　者：I.基德 郭元林[2] 

机构地区：[1]不详 [2]天津大学科学技术与社会研究中心

出　　处：《世界哲学》2018年第1期87-103,共17页World Philosophy

基　　金：本译文系全国哲学社会科学规划项目“费耶阿本德哲学研究”(项目编号：17BZX007)和天津市哲学社会科学基金重点项目“费耶阿本德的科学知识论研究”(项目编号：TJZX16-002)的阶段性成果.

摘　　要：通过分析克尔凯郭尔和费耶阿本德共同对人性整体化阐释的批判,本文探讨了前者对后者的影响。他们都批评道,在方法论上致力于探究客观性和抽象的关于人性的哲学理论和科学理论无法捕捉人类经验的丰富性。二者论证说明:通过强加否定人性和实在具有复杂性的抽象理论,哲学和科学都有成为人类发展障碍的危险。他们二者采用的方式是在评价哲学理论和科学理论中坚持"存在主义"标准。克尔凯郭尔还评论认为,不宜把自然科学方法应用于人类;在批判"科学世界观"不能容纳丰富的人类生活所必需的价值时,费耶阿本德进一步阐述和发展了克尔凯郭尔的这些评论。本文的结论部分对二者主张中的一些分歧进行了评价,并肯定了对科学知识进行存在主义批判的价值。This paper explores the influence of Sren Kierkegaard upon Paul Feyerabend by examining their common criticisms of totalizing accounts of human nature. Both complained that philosophical and scientific theories of human nature which were methodologically committed to objectivity and abstraction failed to capture the richness of human experience. Kierkegaard and Feyerabend argued that philosophy and the science were threatening to become obstacles to human development by imposing abstract theories of human nature and reality which denied the complexities of both. In both cases,this took the form of asserting an "existential"criterion for the assessment of philosophical and scientific theories. I conclude by noting some differences between Kierkegaard and Feyerabend' s positions and by affirming the value of their existential criticisms of scientific knowledge.

关 键 词：费耶阿本德 克尔凯郭尔 客观性 抽象 人性 

分 类 号：B017[哲学宗教—哲学理论]