语言崇拜与东方传统语言观念的内在关联——中国“文字教”、印度“咒语”、日本“言灵”之比较  

The Internal Relationship between Language Worship and Oriental Traditional Language Concepts: A Comparison among “Text Religion” in China, “Mantra” in India, and “Kotodama” in Japan

作　　者：王向远[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学文学院,北京100875

出　　处：《东北亚外语研究》2017年第4期3-9,共7页Foreign Language Research in Northeast Asia

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目"‘东方学’体系建构与中国的东方研究"(142B083)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：中印日等东方各国普遍存在着语言崇拜现象,但其表现方式及文化功能有所不同。中国是文字崇拜之国,实际上存在一种"文字教"。汉字既有实用性,也有神圣性、神秘性与审美属性,具有整合社会、强化认同意识的类似宗教的功能。印度则是"言语"(音声)崇拜之国,集中表现为对"咒语"("真言")的崇信。日本人则有独特的"言灵"信仰,认为"言灵"中含有一种神秘、客观的力量。总体来说,中国人崇"文"、印度人尚"咒",日本人慎"言",而随着东方各国文化、文学交流,东方各国的这些语言观念也有相互的渗透与影响,形成了某些深刻的内在关联。The phenomenon of language worship prevails among the countries on the eastern part of Asia such as China, India and Japan, yet their ways of demonstration and cultural functions are quite different. China is a country of literary worship which, in fact, has led to the formation of ＂text religion＂. The Chinese characters are practical, sacred, mysterious and aesthetic, with the functions of integrating the society and strengthening the awareness of common identity, similar to the functions of religions; India is a country of ＂speech＂（phonetic elements）＂ worship, concentrating on the worship of ＂mantra（spell）＂; Japanese people have a unique ＂kotodama＂ belief, which contains a mysterious and objective power. In general, Chinese people advocate ＂text＂, Indian people worship the nature of ＂spell＂, Japanese people are cautious about ＂the spirits of speech＂ and the Persians pay special attention to ＂the ways of writing＂. With the deepening of literary and cultural exchanges among these countries, these language concepts have also been influencing each other, establishing some profound internal relations.

关 键 词：语言崇拜 文字教 咒语(真言) 言灵 

分 类 号：I06[文学—文学理论]