海洋超大型浮体重大科学问题的基础研究进展  

Advances of Basic Research on the Responses and Safety of Very Large Floating Structures in Complicated Environment

作　　者：吴有生[1] 顾学康[1] 柳淑学[2] 田超[1] 汪学锋[3] 程小明[1] 祁恩荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国船舶科学研究中心,无锡214082 [2]大连理工大学海岸与近海工程国家重点实验室,大连116024 [3]上海交通大学船舶海洋与建筑工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《中国基础科学》2017年第4期28-44,66,共18页China Basic Science

基　　金：973计划项目(2013CB036100)"海洋超大型浮体复杂环境响应与结构安全性"

摘　　要：本文回顾了世界上大型与超大型海洋浮体的发展历史。针对岛礁海域经济建设与安全保障的重要性及对大型浮体的近期和长远需求,973计划"海洋超大型浮体复杂环境响应与结构安全性"项目凝聚所面临的5大科学问题:(1)岛礁海域波浪环境的时空分布不均匀性和波流相互作用的演化机理及理论模型;(2)浅水域复杂海洋地理环境中超大型浮体的流固耦合水弹性力学理论与极值载荷;(3)超大型浮体多模块柔性连接动力学机理;(4)近岛礁、变水深条件下超大型浮体复合系泊系统的耦合响应和动力学性能;(5)超大型浮体结构安全可靠性预报和综合评估方法,开展了深入的研究。理论、试验与海域实测相结合,取得了区别于世界上已有工作、有重要影响的成果,为超大型浮体工程的设计、建造、运行提供了坚实的科学基础。本文简述研究对象的工程概念、主要研究进展、项目所做的实质性贡献,并提出了对未来研究工作的设想。The history of research and development of large or ultra-large floating Structures （VLFS） in the world is briefly reviewed. To meet the short and long term re- quirements of economics development and safety control in the sea area surrounding islands and reefs, the inno- vative research on this important basic research project entitled ＂Responses and Structural Safety of Very Large Floating Structures in Complicated Ocean Geographical Environment＂ has focused on the following 5 scientific problems： ① The mechanism and theoretical model of the time-space un-uniform distributed wave environment and wave-current interactions near islands and reefs. ② The coupled fluid-structure interaction theory （hydroelastieity） and the extreme wave loads of very large floating structures in complicated shallow water ge- ographic environment. ③ The flexible connecting dy- namics and the corresponding behaviors of multi-module very large floating structures. ④ The coupled non-linear responses and dynamic characteristics of complex moor- ing system combined with very large floating structure in greatly changing water depth near islands. ⑤ The pre- diction and evaluation methods of structural reliability and safety of very large floating structures. Incorporated the theoretical and computational investigations with model tests in wave basins and 3-years＇ measurements on site in the sea, great progress with important influ- ence both in science and technology in the field of float- ing body dynamics has been achieved. This provides ef- fective support to design, build and operation of very large floating structures in complicated environment near islands. This paper briefly describes the engineering concept of very large floating structures, the major re- sults and contributions produced by the research pro- ject. Also mentioned are the requirements for future re- search in this field.

关 键 词：超大型浮体 波浪演化 水弹性力学 系泊系统 连接器 失效模式 

分 类 号：Q23[生物学—细胞生物学]