赣州市农村饮用水与介水传染病相关性分析  

Correlation between rural drinking water and water-borne infectious diseases in Ganzhou

作　　者：袁志平[1] 李建华[1] 姚玉斌[2] 胡晓军[1] 雷琼[1] 杨静[1] 李会鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]赣州市疾病预防控制中心环境卫生监测科,江西341000 [2]江西省疾病预防控制中心农村卫生工作技术指导中心

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2017年第10期885-888,共4页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：江西省卫生计生委科技计划项目(20156074)

摘　　要：目的分析江西省赣州市农村饮用水水质状况、介水传染病发病情况以及两者之间的相关性。方法 2011—2014年,按照分层随机原则每年选择6~11个县开展农村饮用水卫生调查与监测,通过传染病报告信息系统收集同期监测地区介水传染病数据,采用Spearman秩相关分析水质与介水传染病之间的相关性。结果 2011—2014年,农村饮用水水质合格率为25.07%,枯、丰水期合格率分别为25.83%、24.31%,差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.777,P>0.05);出厂水、末梢水合格率分别为26.66%、23.55%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.456,P<0.05)。总大肠菌群、耐热大肠菌群超标率分别为66.05%、59.22%。介水传染病中其它感染性腹泻病、细菌性痢疾、伤寒、甲肝、阿米巴性痢疾、副伤寒病例数分别占83.71%、15.08%、0.54%、0.45%、0.19%、0.04%。菌落总数超标率与其它感染性腹泻确诊病例发病率相关性有统计学意义(rs=0.422,P<0.05)。结论本次调查的赣州农村以分散式供水方式为主,多数集中式供水厂工艺简易;农村饮用水水质合格率较低,主要是因为微生物指标超标;介水传染病以其它感染性腹泻居多,其次是细菌性痢疾,水微生物指标超标率与其它感染性腹泻确诊病例发病率呈正相关。Objectives To analyze the situation of rural drinking water quality and the incidence of water-borne infectious diseases in Ganzhou of Jiangxi,and to analyze the correlation between them. Methods In 2011-2014,6-11 counties were annually select by stratified random sampling method for investigation and monitoring of drinking water in rural areas, the data of water-borne infectious diseases in the same period were obtained from the infectious disease reporting information system.Spearman rank correlation was used to analyze the correlation between water quality and water-borne infectious diseases.Results During 2011-2014,the qualified rate of drinking water in rural areas was 25.07%.Statistically significant difference was not found in water qualified rate between dry（25.83%） and wet（24.31%） season（χ2=1.777,P〈0.05）, and was found in the qualified rate between finished water（26.66%） and tap water（23.55%）（χ2=7.456,P〈0.05）.The exceeding standard rates were66.05% and 59.22% for total coliform and thermotolerant coliform bacteria respectively. The cases of infection of other infectious diarrhea,bacteria dysentery,typhoid,hepatitis A,Amoeba dysentery,paratyphoid accounted for 83.71%, 15.08% and0.54%,0.45%,0.19%,0.04% of total cases of water-borne infectious diseases respectively. The positive correlation between the exceeding standard rate of total bacteria and the incidence of confirmed cases of other infectious diarrhea was statistically significant（rs=0.422, P 0.05）. Conclusion In rural areas of Ganzhou,decentralized water supply as the main way of water supply,the water treatment process is simple and easy for most centralized water supply factories. The qualified rate of drinking water in rural areas is lower,mainly because of the microbiological indicators exceeding standard.The dorminent water-borne infectious disease is other infectious diarrhea,followed by bacterial dysentery. The exceeding standard rate of some microbiological indexes is negatively correlated with the incidence

关 键 词：农村饮用水 微生物指标 介水传染病 其它感染性腹泻 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]