1936-1937年川北干旱重灾区考察  

Study of the 1936-1937 Drought Disaster in Northern Sichuan

作　　者：胡火金[1] 敬淼春 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学社会学院,江苏苏州215123

出　　处：《西南石油大学学报（社会科学版）》2018年第1期104-112,共9页Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：1936—1937年间四川全省遭受严重旱灾,造成了很高的人口死亡率。这次旱灾最大的特点是各个区域受灾程度差异较大,重、轻灾区的界限十分明显。川北成为此次旱灾的重灾区域,究其原因,是川北自然与社会环境脆弱性的集中体现,也是川北远离四川行政核心的一个反映。1936—1937年的川北属于政治"混乱"地区,多方政治势力盘根错节,社会环境缺乏稳定性。另外,川北干旱重灾区的另外两个特征是时间上连续、空间上连片,从环境的脆弱性与灾变的关联来看,这是民众维持生存能力与社会维持生存能力持续下降的必然结果,表明环境与人之间存在着重要的内在关联,尤其是在特定的脆弱环境区域。通过对该区域的考察,在应对灾害的时候,社会与民众应更多地着力于促进社会的进步与发展。In 1936 and 1937, Sichuan province suffered a severe drought. This drought was significant for three key reasons: the disaster area covered the entire province; the death toll was high; and the degree of the disaster varied greatly. Northern Sichuan was the hardest hit region due to the frail natural and social environment there, and its long distance from the administrative core of Sichuan. Throughout 1936 and 1937, northern Sichuan was in political "chaos",when many political forces crisscrossed the region and the social environment was unstable. The major characteristic of the severe disaster in northern Sichuan was the continuity of the drought in time and space. As perceived from the relationship between environmental vulnerability and disaster, this was the inevitable result of the continuously declining ability of the people and society to survive. The drought also revealed an important internal relationship between the environment and human beings, especially in specific areas with vulnerable environments. The findings from the investigation of the region suggest that societies and the public should focus more on promoting social progress and development when dealing with disasters.

关 键 词：四川 旱灾 川北干旱 环境脆弱性 灾变区域 重灾区 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]