持续热应激对虹鳟肝脏组织形态结构的影响  

Effect of continuing heat stress on the liver tissue morphology of rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)

作　　者：周彦静 刘哲[1] 夏斌鹏 康玉军[1] 王永杰[1] 刘晓霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2017年第6期1-5,共5页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区项目(31460687)

摘　　要：【目的】为探究不同水温下虹鳟的热应激程度及临床症状.【方法】以遗传背景一致、平均体质量(400±10.5)g的一龄虹鳟为试验对象,通过光学显微镜观察虹鳟在18,21,23,24,25,26℃水温下肝脏组织的形态学变化.【结果】21℃时虹鳟肝脏已出现病理变化,在整个热处理过程中随水温的升高,肝脏组织损伤不断加重;25℃时肝脏虽能维持原有结构,但广泛淤血,大范围脂肪变性,水泡变性,肝细胞坏死、凋亡;26℃时肝脏损伤最为严重,此时肝脏内部原有结构破坏.【结论】水温21℃时,虹鳟已出现热应激,25℃可能是虹鳟发生严重应激反应的关键温度点;肝脏可以作为虹鳟在热环境中的监测器,也可以用于环境质量检测和生物生理学压力检测的组织学指示物,在养殖实践中,应控制虹鳟的生活水温不高于25℃.【Objective】To study the level of heat stress and the clinical symptom of rainbow trout in different water temperature.【Method】Two hundred one-year-old rainbow trout with the same genetic background,average weight of(400±10.5)g were chosen as the object to detect the morphological changes of their liver tissue in the water temperature of 18,21,23,24,25 and 26 ℃,respectively.【Result】The results showed that the rainbow trout liver appeared pathological changes when the water temperature was21 ℃,and the injury aggravated with the increase of water temperature in the whole process of heat treatment.Although the liver of rainbow trout could maintain the original structure at 25℃,the liver occurred extensive congestion,fatty and vacuolar degeneration,necrosis and apoptosis of the hepatocyte.The liver injury was the most serious at 26 ℃,and the original structure of liver had been destructed.【Conclusion】Rainbow trout appeared heat stress at 21 ℃.The key temperature point of occurring serious response in rainbow trout may be 25℃.Liver can be used as a monitor for rainbow trout in thermal environment,also can be histological indicator for the environmental quality detection and bio-physiological pressure.The water temperature for rainbow trout culture should not be higher than 25 ℃.

关 键 词：虹鳟 热应激 肝脏 组织损伤 

分 类 号：S91[农业科学—水产科学]