草铵膦对油菜种子萌发和根尖细胞遗传毒性的影响  

Effects of Herbicide Glufosinate on Seedling Growth and Morphological Root Tips Cell Genetic Toxicity on Brassica napus

作　　者：周文涛 陈东亮[2] 任义英 王倩[2] 叶桑 崔明圣 周清元[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学附属中学,重庆400716 [2]西南大学农学与生物科技学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2018年第2期120-123,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD01B03-12);国家农业部现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-12);重庆市社会事业与民生保障科技创新项目(cstc2016shmszx0756);西南大学博士启动基金项目(swu113064)

摘　　要：[目的]探讨草铵膦对油菜种子萌发和根尖细胞遗传毒性的影响。[方法]模拟不同浓度和处理时间下,低剂量草铵膦残留对甘蓝型油菜萌发后幼苗生长初期的生长发育和根尖细胞分裂活动的影响。[结果]草铵膦处理对油菜发芽期幼苗下胚轴、初生根等性状的抑制效果随处理浓度的升高和处理时间的延长而增强;0.000 01%的草铵膦残留即可对油菜地上部分和地下部分产生明显的抑制效果,下胚轴对草铵膦的敏感性显著大于初生根;0.005%的草甘膦处理根尖4 h可显著抑制油菜根尖分生区细胞的有丝分裂,其抑制作用随浓度的升高和处理时间的延长逐步增强,并可诱发细胞产生染色体桥、染色体落后、多级分裂、间期微核、染色体浓缩等染色体变异。[结论]试验结果为草铵膦在油菜田使用的安全性评估提供了理论依据。[ Objective ] The aim was to study the effects of herbicide glufosinate on seedling growth and morphological root tips cell genetic toxicity on Brassica napus. [ Method] Under the conditions of different concentrations and different treatment duration, effects of herbicide glyphosate on seed germination and morphological root tips division activity of Brassica napus were studied. [R esul t] The inhibitive effects of glufosinate treatments on rapeseed hypocoty and primary root morphological characters were enhanced along with the increase of treatment con-centrations and durations. The 0. 000 01% glufosinate could inhibit the growth of hypocoty significantly. The inhibitive effects of glufosinate treated for hypocotyl was significantly greater than primary root;the mitosis in root tip cells treated by the 0. 005% glufosinate for 4 h could be significantly inhibited, and its inhibition effects were enhanced along with the increase of treatment concentrations and durations, and induced cells to produce chromosome bridge, chromosome lagging, multi-level division, interphase micronucleus, chromosome enrichment genetic effect, etc. . [ Conclusion] The results provide reference for safety assessment of glufosinate applied in Brassica napus field.

关 键 词：油菜 草铵膦 种子萌发 染色体变异 有丝分裂 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学]