企业平衡式创新搜寻及其阶段效应——间断性平衡还是同时性平衡?  

Enterprises' balanced innovation search and its staged effect:Punctuated balance or simultaneous balance

作　　者：芮正云 罗瑾琏[1] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学经济与管理学院,上海200092

出　　处：《科研管理》2018年第1期9-17,共9页Science Research Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"外部搜索对团队创造力的多层面影响机制研究"(项目批准号:71202031;起止时间:2013.1-2015.12);国家自然科学基金"授权型与命令型领导策略组合对团队创新的阶段效应"(项目批准号:71472137;起止时间:2015.1-2018.12)

摘　　要：开放式创新要求企业跨越组织边界搜寻外部知识,但现有研究对二元搜寻的平衡问题讨论不足。为了识别"前瞻—反应型"二元搜寻平衡与企业发展阶段的动态匹配规律,基于我国中小企业调查样本进行实证分析,结果发现:平衡式搜寻对创新绩效具有显著的正向影响,但是企业在初创期和成长期的二元搜寻平衡模式存在差异。在初创期,前瞻型与反应型两类搜寻策略间不存在互补效应,且二元均衡程度过高或差异过大,均不利于企业创新;而在成长期,前瞻型与反应型两类搜寻策略间存在互补效应,且同时性平衡程度越高,创新绩效越好。据此探讨了企业在不同阶段的最佳平衡模式,即初创期的企业选择"间断性平衡"较为合适,进入成长期后,企业需要将平衡模式转换为"同时性平衡"。Open innovation requires enterprises to search knowledge externally, but existing researches on the balance of binary knowledge search are insufficient. In order to identify the dynamic matching rule between binary search balance and developmen- tal phase of SMEs, this paper divides the external knowledge search into two modes： proactive search and reactive search, and then it explores empirically the impact of the balance between these two search modes on enterprises＇ innovation performance. The results show that the balance of binary search has a significant positive impact on innovation performance, but the most ap- propriate patterns for enterprises＇ initial stage and growth stage are different. In the initial period, there is no complementary effect between the two types of knowledge search, either too balancing or too different between the two search modes is not condu- cive to enterprises＇ innovation performance. But in the growth period, there is a complementary effect between the two modes of knowledge search, the higher the degree of balance, the better the innovation performance. According to the above results, this paper discusses the optimal balance pattern for different stages, namely enterprises in the start - up period should choose the mode of ＂punctuated balance＂, and after entering the growth period, the enterprise needs to transform the mode into ＂simultaneous balance＂.

关 键 词：创新搜寻 知识搜寻 二元平衡 创新绩效 

分 类 号：F272.4[经济管理—企业管理]