中学生性与生殖健康知识、态度、行为状况调查  

Investigation of KAP on sexual and reproductive health of middle school students

作　　者：何丽芸 杜莉 徐婷 朱丽萍 

机构地区：[1]上海市妇幼保健中心,200062

出　　处：《中国计划生育学杂志》2018年第1期17-20,共4页Chinese Journal of Family Planning

基　　金：上海市重点学科建设"妇幼卫生和儿童保健学"(15GWZK0401);上海市卫计委重点课题(重点基金201540034):上海市青少年性传播疾病的早期预防策略的研究

摘　　要：目的:了解青少年性与生殖健康知识、态度和行为状况,为进一步在青少年中开展性与生殖健康干预及友好服务提供理论依据。方法:采取分层整群抽样的方法,在上海市抽取6所中学,采用自行设计的结构式问卷进行调查。结果:(1)中学生对性与生殖健康基本知识有一定的了解;高中生认知度高于初中生;母亲文化程度高者认知度高于母亲文化程度低者;女生的认知度高于男生。(2)中学生对于生殖健康需求越来越高,85.4%的学生赞同开展生殖健康教育和93.9%的学生希望积极预防性传播疾病;学生的性观念日益开放,且高中生较初中生开放,有30.3%、19.5%和9.9%的高中生对同性恋、婚前性行为、一夜情等持赞同态度。(3)有34.5%的高中生和17.0%的初中生谈过恋爱;2.3%的高中生和1.7%的初中生发生过性行为,但其中有23.5%的高中生和33.3%的初中生未采取任何避孕措施,且高中生及初中生中从不使用安全套者达50.0%和70.0%。结论:我国中学生的性观念和态度日益开放,但生殖健康的知识不足,性安全意识缺乏。性与生殖健康教育应从小抓起,应推广"医教结合"模式,对青少年提供全方位、满足需求和可及的服务。Objective： To understand the current status of sexual and reproductive health of middle school students and to provide evidences for carrying out adolescent reproductive health prevention and youth friendly service. Methods： Six middle schools were selected by random cluster sampling method, and structured questionnaires which was own de- signed were used for investigation. Results.- First, Most adolescent had already known some reproductive knowledge. The degree of recognition of reproductive knowledge of students in senior high school was significant higher than that of students in junior school. The degree of recognition of reproductive knowledge of adolescent whose mothers had higher education level was significant higher than that of adolescent whose mothers had lower education level. And the degree of recognition of reproductive knowledge of girls was significant higher than that of boys （P^0.05）. Second, the demand of health of middle school students had being increased. 85.4 % of the students agreed with the reproductive health education, and 93.9% of the students hoped to prevent sexually transmitted diseases actively. The attitude to- ward sex of middle school students had been becoming open, and senior high school students had more open attitude than that of junior school students. 30.3 ~~, 19.5% and 9.9% of high school students agreed to homosexuality, premar- ital sex, and one night stand. Third, 34.5% of high school students and 17.0% of junior high school students had fallen in love. 2.3 % of senior high school students and 1.7 % of junior school students had sexual behavior, and 23.5 % of sen- ior high school students and 33.3% of junior school students had never used any contraception. The rate of never used condom of senior high school and junior school students was 50.0% and 70.0%, respectively. Conclusion： The attitude toward sex in middle school students are becoming more and more open, while they lack of relevant knowledge of sex and reproductive health and sexual safety awareness.

关 键 词：中学生 青少年 性生殖健康 知识 态度 行为 

分 类 号：R169.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]