基于浮游植物群落的纵向连通性初步研究  

Study on the Longitudinal Connectivity Based on Community Structure of Phytoplankton

作　　者：胡俊[1] 舒卫先[2] 韦翠珍[2] 陈明秀[1] 池仕运[1] 胡菊香[1] 

机构地区：[1]水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,湖北武汉430079 [2]淮河流域水资源保护局,安徽蛙埠233001

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2018年第1期79-86,共8页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51409178);水利部公益性行业科研专项(201501030);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0405303)

摘　　要：目前鲜有从生物群落角度定量分析连通性。作者以建有多级节制闸的沙颍河干流为对象,研究河流纵向连通性对沙颍河干流浮游植物群落的影响,并尝试基于梯度分析方法从浮游植物群落角度定量评估河流连通性。调查结果显示,沙颍河干流浮游植物339种,分为8个门类,以硅藻门浮游植物种类(170种)最多,其次是绿藻门(93种)和蓝藻门(37种)。从季节来看,夏秋季浮游植物种类显著多于春季;从浮游植物密度和生物量来看,春秋季以隐藻门浮游植物为主,而在夏季蓝藻门浮游植物密度最高。优势度排前10的种类蓝藻门有4种,隐藻门3种,硅藻门2种,绿藻门1种。通过比较不同季节浮游植物群落组成可知,闸坝阻隔对浮游植物群落结构具有较大影响,群落结构组成从常见的以硅藻为主的河流群落特征转变为以蓝藻、隐藻为主的湖泊群落特征。根据DCA(Detrended Correspondence Analysis)第1轴长,均采用PCA(Principal Component Analysis)排序法对不同季节浮游植物密度和生物量进行分析,并绘制排序图,结果表明,不同河段浮游植物群落特征可在排序图中区分开来,表明不同河段之间的浮游植物群落结构存在差异;不同河段之间浮游植物群落特征在排序图中的相对位置及河段的实际相对位置,可以在群落空间中明确表征河流连通性的潜在生态梯度。从水生生物群落角度定量表征连通度的大小,将有助于建立基于生物群落计算河流纵向连通程度的方法。At present, there are few studies on the quantitative analysis of connectivity from the perspective of biocenology. The authors took the Shaying River with multiple gates as an object, and analyzed the effect of the connectivity of river on the phytoplankton community, and further tried to quantitative evaluate the river connectivity based on the characteristics of phytoplankton with the gradient analysis. The results showed that： there were 339 phytoplankton in Shaying River, which included 8 phylums. The most species were diatoms （170 species）, followed by chlorophytes （93） and cyanobacteria （37）. In view of seasons, the amount of phytoplankton species in summer and autumn was much higher than that of spring. From the view of the density and biomass of phytoplankton, Cryptophytes were the dominant phytoplankton, but Cyanobacteria density was highest in summer. In the top 10 of degree of dominance, there were 4 species of cyanobacteria, 3 species of cryptomophytes, 2 speceis of diatoms and 1 species of chlorophyte. Comparing the seasonal composition and variation of phytoplankton community, the river barriers had a great effect on the community. The community composition of the Shaying River had been transformed from the river-type community with an advantage of diatoms to the lake-type community with an advantage of cyanophytes. According to the first length of DCA （Detrended Correspondence Analysis）, the gradient analysis was performed using the PCA （Principal Component Analysis） and the corresponding ordination diagram was drawn. From the diagram, the different sections could be separated, which indicated there were obvious differences in the community structure among the sections of various river gates. According to the relative position of all phytoplankton community and the relative sequence of river gates, a potential gradient representing the river connectivity can be found, and thus the river connectivity can be quantitatively described from the perspective of phytoplankton commun

关 键 词：纵向连通性 浮游植物 排序 群落结构 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学] X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]