京津冀区域工业水污染排放空间密度特征研究  

Spatial Density Estimation on the Industrial Water Pollution Emission in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region

作　　者：张静[1,2] 段扬[1,2] 张伟[1,2] 蒋洪强[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部环境规划院//京津冀区域环境研究中心,北京100012 [2]环境保护部环境规划院//国家环境保护环境规划与政策模拟重点实验室,北京100012

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2018年第1期115-121,共7页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：水专项课题"流域水污染防治规划决策支持平台研究"(2012ZX07601002)

摘　　要：京津冀地区是海河流域水资源开发程度最高的流域,水资源严重短缺,废水排污量大,水资源、水环境已成为制约京津冀地区发展的全局性限制因素。考虑到京津冀严峻的水环境形势和流域上下游污染影响的现状,明确水污染物空间排放特征,对于划分水污染空间管理分区、设计分区污染物减排方案,推动京津冀水污染协同治理都有着积极的作用。文章基于京津冀企业污染源环境统计数据,应用核密度空间分析工具模拟了京津冀工业源水污染排放空间集聚特征。结果显示,(1)京津冀工业源COD和NH_3-N排放最多的行业集中在造纸和纸制品业、农副食品加工业、化学原料和化学制品制造业、纺织业等十大行业。(2)京津冀工业源COD排放主要集中在邯郸、天津、张家口和秦皇岛,合计占京津冀区域COD总排放的56%;工业源NH_3-N排放主要集中在邯郸、天津,合计占京津冀区域NH_3-N总排放的52%。(3)COD排放密度大于1 t?km^(-2)的区域面积占京津冀区域面积的20.4%,在石家庄、保定、秦皇岛、天津、邢台、唐山等市形成显著的COD污染集聚区位;氮排放密度高于0.2 t?km^(-2)的区域面积占京津冀区域面积的15.9%,污染集聚区主要位于天津、承德、石家庄等地。根据水污染空间密度分析结果,针对京津冀不同区域不同行业制定有针对性的水污染防治措施,根据上述重点污染行业和污染排放密集区域,加强水污染综合管控力度,开展区域协同综合治理,提升区域水环境质量。In Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei （BTH） Region, the water resources and environment has become a development constraint. In consideration of the status quo of poor water environment, it is necessary to study the spatial aggregation of water pollution in the cooperative water environmental control in BTH Region, which also has a positive effect on the water pollution space management zoning and the design of zone pollutant emission reduction plan. On the basis of the environmental statistics from the enterprise level in BTH Region in 2013, a kernel density estimation has been conducted to investigate the spatial aggregation characteristic of industrial water pollution in BTH Region. Results showed that： （1） Paper products, food industry, chemical manufacturing, and textile industry were the main water polluting sectors in BTH Region. （2） Industrial water pollution was mainly concentrated in Tianjin and Handan, COD also gathered in Zhangjiakou and Qinghuangdao, where the COD and NH3-N emissions accounted for nearly 56% and 52% of the regional emissions, respectively. （3） Shijiazhuang, Baoding, Qinhuangdao, Tianjin, Xingtai, Tangshan, was the main COD pollution cluster, where the COD emission density was above 1 t？km-2. Shijiazhuang, Chengde, and Tianjin were the main NH3-N pollution cluster, where the NH3-N emission density was above 0.2 t？km-2. According to the spatial density analysis of water pollution, control measures in different regions were proposed. It is suggested that regional cooperative comprehensive governance should be conducted in the water pollution cluster to improve the regional water quality in BTH Region.

关 键 词：京津冀区域 工业源水污染排放 空间集聚 核密度分析 

分 类 号：X196[环境科学与工程—环境科学]