瞬态过程中采煤机机电传动系统动态特性分析  

Dynamic behavior of the electromechanical transmission system of a coal shearer in transient regimes

作　　者：易园园[1] 秦大同[1] 刘长钊 贾涵杰 YI Yuanyuan;QINDatong;LIU Changzhao;JIA Hanjie(State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,Chin)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学机械传动国家重点实验室,重庆400044

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2018年第1期142-149,共8页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划;2014CB046304)

摘　　要：为研究采煤机传动系统在复杂工况下的动态性能,采用MATLAB/Simulink搭建了采煤机截割-牵引耦合系统机电动力学模型,模型中考虑了驱动电机电磁特性、煤层截割阻抗变化、传动系统扭振、时变啮合刚度和齿侧间隙等因素。仿真并分析了系统在启动、滚筒负载突变和截割电机堵转等瞬态过程中的机电动态响应特性,并进行了试验验证。结果表明:在截割电机启动和堵转过程中,电机和传动系统之间发生强烈的耦合作用,导致传动系统出现脱啮、反冲等非线性冲击现象,使系统振动加剧;在设计采煤机传动系统时,截割部应比牵引部取更大的使用系数,高速级应比低速级取更大的安全系数。To investigate the dynamic behaviors of the transmission system of a coal shearer under different working conditions,a cutting-haulage coupled model was established by using MATLAB/Simulink,in which the electromagnetic characteristics of the driving motors, variation of the cutting resistance of the coal seam, torsional vibration of the transmission system,time-varying meshing stiffness and tooth backlash were considered. Then,the electromechanical dynamic behaviors of the system were simulated in the regimes of run-up,drum load sudden-change and locked-rotor.Finally,a coal-cutting experiment was conducted on a realistic shearer to verify the simulation results. The results show that in the regimes of run-up and locked-rotor,strong interactions occur between the motor and the transmission system,which causes nonlinear impact phenomena including the gear contact lose and clonk. In the design of the transmission system of a coal shearer,a higher application factor should be adopted for the cutting unit than the haulage unit and a higher safety factor should be adopted for the high-speed stage gears than the low-speed stage gears.

关 键 词：采煤机 瞬态过程 机电传动系统 动态特性 

分 类 号：U463[机械工程—车辆工程]