自然暴露下汽车座椅热负荷的数值模拟及试验  

Numerical simulation and experiment on thermal load of vehicle seats under natural exposure

作　　者：兰凤崇[1,2] 黄佳楠 陈吉清[1,2] 李丽芬[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,广州510640 [2]华南理工大学广东省汽车工程重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（工学版）》2018年第1期65-73,共9页Journal of Jilin University:Engineering and Technology Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51375170);广州市科技计划项目(201504010020;201707020045);工业产品环境适应性国家重点实验室开放基金项目

摘　　要：针对汽车内乘员热舒适性问题,为分析自然暴露下汽车舱内座椅的热负荷变化规律及其影响因素,首先在我国海南省琼海市湿热自然环境试验站对某款国产黑色轿车进行自然暴露试验,测试分析了1年内试验车辆内、外的热环境变化。采用热网格法对整车模型进行热负荷分析,仿真得到舱内座椅传热过程中各传热方式的热流量变化,并进一步研究了座椅表面材料特性、车窗玻璃、汽车停放环境等因素对座椅表面温度场的影响规律。结果表明:汽车座椅主要受太阳辐射作用而升温,升温机理依次为表面辐射、热传导和对流散热;合理改变座椅表面材料吸收率、汽车车窗玻璃的透射率和汽车的停放位置,可以有效降低汽车舱内车座椅的表面温度,从而改善其热负荷状况。To solve the problem of thermal comfort of passengers, experiment research was conducted in Qionghai, Hainan Province of China, to analyze the rule of thermal load of vehicle seats and the influencing factors. In the experiment, a black domestic car was exposed to extreme hot and humid climate, and the parameters of the thermal environment around the car were recorded. The thermal grid numerical method, which is characterized by high efficiency and accuracy in the analysis of the wall temperature of vehicles, was adopted to analyze the thermal load of the whole vehicle model. The change of heat flux during heat transfer process was analyzed by simulation, and the effects of the thermal properties of vehicle seats, transmittance of the glass window, the parking location and other factors on the surface temperature of the vehicle seats were investigated. The results indicate that,reasonable selections of the thermal properties of the and the parking site can effectively reduce the surfae thermal load condition. seats, the transmittance of the front windshield e temperature of the seats, thus, improving the

关 键 词：车辆工程 热负荷 热网格法 座椅 太阳辐射 

分 类 号：U463.83[机械工程—车辆工程] TB61[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]