生土材料的吸放湿试验与调湿性能分析  

Investigation of the humidity-controlling performance and mechanism of raw soil materials

作　　者：胡明玉[1] 付超[1] 魏丽丽[1,2] 郭兴国[1] 

机构地区：[1]南昌大学建筑工程学院,江西南昌330031 [2]赤峰学院建筑与机械工程学院,内蒙古赤峰024000

出　　处：《西安建筑科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第6期790-795,共6页Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51208247);江西省水利厅科技项目(KT201331)

摘　　要：通过实验测试了粘土原料和生土材料的平衡含湿率和吸、放湿速率,并根据扫描电镜微观分析及材料的吸附/解吸理论研究了生土材料的调湿机理.研究表明,虽然生土材料比原料的密实度更高,但它基本保留了原状粘土的微结构,使生土材料具有很好的调湿性能.75%粘土与25%改性掺合料混合制成的生土材料最大平衡含湿率为11.59%,并且该生土材料的吸、放湿速率可以分别达到0.030 4kg/kg·d和0.025 7kg/kg·d.生土材料的调湿机理为材料的毛细孔道效应、化学吸附和表面物理吸附作用,其中毛细孔道效应和化学吸附作用对水蒸气的吸附作用强,表面物理吸附作用对水分子吸附作用较弱.由此,该材料具有自动调节室内相对湿度的能力.The equilibrium moisture content, adsorption and desorption rate of the clay raw soil materials and raw soil materials have been tested experimentally. The humidity-controlling mechanism of the raw soil material is investigated based on the micro-analysis of the scanning electron microscope and the absorption/desorption theory of materials. The results show that though the density of the raw soil materials is higher than those of the clay raw materials, the raw soil materials have the similar microstructure like the clay raw materials. Therefore, the raw soil materials have a good humidity-controlling performance. The maximum equilibrium moisture content of the raw soil material which is made from 75% pure soil material and 25% modified admixture is 11.59%. The absorption and desorption rate can reach 0. 030 4 Kg/Kg · d and 0.025 7Kg/Kg · d respectively. The humidity controlling mechanism of the raw soil material is that its cellular microstructure has the effects of capillary channel, chemical adsorption and surface physical adsorption on water vapor, in which the influence of the capillary channel and chemical adsorption on the adsorption effect of water vapor are strong while the surface physical adsorption effect is weak. Therefore, the raw soil material is able to control the indoor air relative humidity automatically.

关 键 词：生土材料 改性掺合料 平衡含湿率 吸放湿速率 调湿机理 

分 类 号：TU521.3[建筑科学—建筑技术科学] TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]