蝇蛆蛋白对中华鳖生长性能及营养品质的影响  

Effects of Dietary Housefly Protein on Growth Performance and Nutritional Quality of Soft Shelled Turtle Trionyx sinensis

作　　者：程逍妹 黄启成 王方海[1] 李广宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学生命科学学院,广东广州510275 [2]广东绿卡现代农业集团公司,广东东莞523912

出　　处：《水产科学》2018年第1期51-58,共8页Fisheries Science

基　　金：广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项(A201301F02);广东省渔业标准化专项(2013);清远市科技计划项目(2013C008)

摘　　要：在室内、外养殖试验中研究了将家蝇蛆磨成浆按一定比例配以卵磷脂、几丁寡糖和多种维生素制成的蝇蛆蛋白对中华鳖生长性能及营养品质的影响。在水温(25±1)℃的室内养殖试验中,将36只体质量(248.15±17.10)g的中华鳖,随机分成3组(重复3次,每重复4只)饲养在120cm×60cm×55cm水族箱中,分别投喂基础饲料(对照组)、15%蝇蛆蛋白+基础饲料和30%蝇蛆蛋白+基础饲料,养殖期180d。室外养殖池面积为5000 m^2,中华鳖体质量(294.05±12.265)g,每口池塘放雄鳖7200只,投喂基础饲料(对照组)和15%蝇蛆蛋白+基础饲料,养殖期120d。结果表明,在饲料中添加15%蝇蛆蛋白显著提高了中华鳖的质量增加率与特定生长率,降低了饲料系数。当添加15%蝇蛆蛋白时,中华鳖肌肉与裙边中蛋白质、必需氨基酸、呈味氨基酸、单不饱和脂肪、多不饱和脂肪酸的含量均显著高于对照组,而饱和脂肪酸则显著低于对照组。用蝇蛆蛋白养殖的中华鳖肌肉和裙边中必需氨基酸占总氨基酸的比值、呈味氨基酸占总氨基酸的比值及二十碳五烯酸与二十二碳六烯酸的总含量也均显著高于对照组。以上结果表明,在饲料中添加15%蝇蛆蛋白能促进中华鳖生长,降低饲料系数,提高中华鳖的营养价值与药用保健功能。Two feeding trials were conducted to investigate the effects of housefly maggot（Musca domestica）protein supplemented with lecithin,chitosan and vitamins on growth performance and nutritional quality of soft shelled turtle Trionyx sinensis.Thirty-six individuals of soft shelled turtle with body weight of（248.15±17.10）g were reared in a 120 cm×60 cm×55 cm tank and fed on one of the experimental diets supplemented with 0%,15% and 30% housefly maggot protein in a laboratory with triplication at water temperature of（25±1）℃ for 180 d.Soft shelled turtle with body weight of（294.05±12.265）g were stocked into 0.5 hm^2 outdoor tanks at a density of 7200 individuals and fed on one of the experimental diets supplemented with 0% and 15% housefly maggot protein for 120 d.Results showed that there were significantly higher growth rate,weight gain rate and specific growth rate in soft shelled turtle fed the diet containing 15% housefly protein than those in the turtles in the control group.The soft shelled turtle fed the diets containing 15% housefly protein had significantly higher contents of proteins,essential amino acids,flavor amino acids,unsaturated fatty acids,C_（20：5n-3）（EPA）,and C_（22：6n3）（DHA）than the turtles in control group did,with significantly higher ratios of EAA to DAA in the soft shelled turtle fed housefly protein.The findings indicated that the diet containing 15% housefly protein led to significant improvement of growth rate,nutritive value,and medical function of soft shelled turtle.

关 键 词：中华鳖 蝇蛆活性蛋白 生长性能 营养分析 

分 类 号：S966.5[农业科学—水产养殖]