钱钟书比喻思想的符号学解读  

A Semiotic Study of Qian Zhongshu's Theory of Tropes

作　　者：姜奕村 

机构地区：[1]山东工商学院外国语学院

出　　处：《中国比较文学》2018年第1期129-138,共10页Comparative Literature in China

基　　金：山东工商学院青年科研基金项目"钱钟书隐喻理论的符号学研究"(项目编号:2013QN086)的研究成果;山东省社会科学规划研究项目(项目编号:13CWJJ07);中国外语教育基金项目(项目编号:ZGWYJYJJ2014A42)的资助

摘　　要：钱钟书先生对比喻现象有十分独到的见解,提出了"两柄多边说"等重要观点。从符号学角度来解读钱先生的隐喻思想,能够得到不少新的发现。在宏观层面上,钱先生通过阐述"喻"与"诗"之间的关系,指出比喻性思维,即诗性思维,是人类最基本的思维方式。在这一问题上,钱先生与维科和皮尔士等西方学者不谋而合。维科最先提出了"诗性逻辑"这一概念。皮尔士认为,比喻的逻辑基础是类象推理。钱先生进一步指出,这种类象推理的本质特征是"以不同类为类"。在微观层面上,钱先生提出并重点阐述了比喻的"两柄多边"现象。"两柄多边说"充分体现了喻体的多义性和多样性,同时也揭示了比喻的任意性特征。Qian Zhongshu had a unique view of trope and thus brought forth important points on this issue, such as the notion of ＂two handles and several sides＂. Some new findings might be obtained if we interpret Qian＇s thought on trope from a semiotic perspec- tive. On the macroscopic level, Qian pointed out, through the elaboration of the relationship between trope and poem, that metaphorical thinking, namely, poetic thinking, is in fact the most basic way of human thinking. On this point, Qian coincides with his western counterparts such as Vico and Peirce. Vico first put forward the concept of ＂poetic logic＂, and Peirce contended that the logical foundation of tropes is iconic reasoning. Qian further pointed out that the essential feature of iconic reasoning is ＂to put different kinds of things in one category＂. At the microscopic level, Qian put forward and highlighted the no- tion of ＂two handles and several sides＂, which fully embodies vehicular diversity and multi-valency, and reveals the arbitrary nature of tropes.

关 键 词：“隐”与“显” 类象性思维 分类 喻体的多义性和多样性 比喻的任意性 

分 类 号：I0-02[文学—文学理论]