激光摄影测树仪设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Laser Photogrammetric Instrument for Measuring Forest

作　　者：杨立岩[1] 冯仲科[1] 范光鹏 吴发云[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学精准林业北京市重点实验室,北京100083 [2]国家林业局调查规划设计院,北京100714

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2018年第1期211-218,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41371001);北京市自然科学基金重点项目(6161001)

摘　　要：针对传统测量胸径、树高和林分空间结构参数的非智能化、非集成化、效率低等不足,以摄影测量学、测树学、图像处理技术和传感器技术原理为理论基础,设计了激光摄影测树仪。该仪器由CCD镜头、激光器、光源笔、PDA和云台组成,测量时获取方位角、倾角及图像等参数,通过在Android Studio 2.2开发平台下利用Java语言进行编译的3个模块化程序,实现胸径、树高和林分结构参数测量功能。对21株立木进行胸径、树高测量,对1块样地内15株中心树进行林分空间结构参数测量试验,并与传统测量方法进行对比,结果表明:胸径测量相对误差绝对值的平均值为2.55%,树高测量相对误差绝对值的平均值为2.82%,角尺度与大小比数测量相对误差绝对值的平均值分别为2.50%和2.86%,混交度测量与传统测量法测量结果相同,能够满足林业调查的精度要求。To solve the shortcomings of non-intelligent,non-integrated and low efficiency of traditional method for measuring diameter at breast height（DBH）,tree height and forest stand spatial structure parameters, a laser photogrammetric instrument for measuring forest based on the principle of photogrammetry,image processing technology,sensor technology and forest measurement was designed.The instrument was composed of CCD sensor,laser,LED flashlight,self-developed PDA and shell.There were three modular procedures which were compiled in the Java language and developed in Android Studio 2. 2 systems development environment. The three modules were DBH measurement,tree height measurement and forest stand spatial structure parameters measurement. These three functions were achieved by obtaining parameters such as dip angle,azimuth and image information. The experiment of measuring DBH,tree height with 21 trees as samples and measuring forest stand spatial structure parameters with 15 reference trees in a plot as samples. Compared with the traditional measurement method,the mean absolute value of the relative error of DBH measurement was 2. 55%,the tree height was 2. 82%,the uniform angle index was 2. 50%,the dominance was 2. 86% and the measurement of the mingling was consistent with the traditional measurement method. The measurement accuracy of the instrument can meet the requirements of forestry survey. The method of using the laser photogrammetric instrument for measuring forest to measure the forest stand spatial structure parameters can be done which only required one person. Compared with the traditional measurement method,this method saved a half of labor and 31% of the working time. The instrument had a good prospect in the field of forestry basic investigation and forest stand spatial structure.

关 键 词：激光摄影测树仪 摄影测量 树高 胸径 林分空间结构 安卓系统 

分 类 号：S758.7[农业科学—森林经理学]