世界主义的历时演绎  

The Transfigurations of Cosmopolitanism

作　　者：弗拉基米尔·比蒂 林玉珍[2] 

机构地区：[1][奥]维也纳大学 [2]上海交通大学外国语学院,上海200240

出　　处：《上海交通大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2018年第1期5-17,共13页Journal of Shanghai Jiao tong University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：文章详细考辨了世界主义在历史进程中的三重关系,古希腊世界主义与古罗马世界主义的关系、法国启蒙世界主义和德国浪漫世界主义的关系以及文学理论之世界主义和文学史之民族主义的关系。古希腊世界主义可以被称之为"精英世界主义",其目的在于创作全面的知识视野,以交流重新填补精英与附属之间的结构性鸿沟,以全面的知识逻辑替代歧视性的政治逻辑;古罗马世界主义可以被称之为"帝国世界主义",其内在预设与局限是所有人都必须遵从中央机构全球主义所设定的自我身份,否则将被无情地剥夺自己的公民权利。法国启蒙世界主义和德国早期浪漫世界主义似乎再现了古希腊世界主义和古罗马世界主义之间的这种对立。关于世界主义与文学研究之间的内在关联,根据作者的梳理和论述,与鲁别茨柯伊、雅各布森、卢卡奇、博卡特勒夫、什克洛夫斯基、韦勒克等众多欧洲文学理论家所遭遇的不断流亡的命运颇为相似,文学理论也同样经历了被不断质疑、排挤与认同的艰难过程。This paper investigates cosmopolitanism by presenting three historically successive cases in point：the relationship between Greek and Roman cosmopolitanism,that between French Enlightenment and German Romanticist cosmopolitanism,and that between literary theory＇s cosmopolitanism and literary history＇s nationalism.Among them,the Greek elitist cosmopolitan creates his comprehensive intellectual horizon,making interaction reenter the constitutive gap between him and local subordinates,and the inclusive intellectual logic rearticulate the discriminative political logic.The Roman imperial cosmopolitanism demonstrates an openness toward the inferior foreigners within and outside Roman Empire,but its central agency endorses the inclusion of foreign constituencies into the community frame under the condition of their compliance to the established legal rules.Peripheral subordinates are only welcome as long as they accept subordination to the central agency＇s law.Later,the French Enlightenment and German early Romanticist cosmopolitanism resume the delineated Greek-Roman confrontation but in substantially changed historical circumstances and,due to that,in a reversed order.At last,when the internal relations between cosmopolitanism and literary theories are concerned,the paper charts a genealogy of American comparative literature with reference to the exile and emigration experience of Trubetskoy,Jakobson,Lukács,Bogatyr？v,？klovskij and Wellek,claiming that literary theory＇s transfiguration has also undergone doubts,conflicts and assimilations.

关 键 词：世界主义 民族主义 法国启蒙主义 德国早期浪漫主义 现代文学理论 

分 类 号：I109[文学—世界文学]