锥形束CT分析中国人群上颌后牙区牙槽骨及牙根与上颌窦位置关系的研究  

A cone-beam computed tomography study of the relationship between maxillary sinus floor and maxillary posterior teeth root and alveolar bone in Chinese population

作　　者：唐路[1] 郑庆华[2] 张岚[2] 黄定明[2] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学宣武医院口腔科,北京100053 [2]四川大学华西口腔医院牙体牙髓科,四川成都610041

出　　处：《口腔医学》2018年第1期23-28,共6页Stomatology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81070827)

摘　　要：目的利用锥形束CT三维成像分析上颌后牙区牙槽骨高度以及牙根与上颌窦底位置关系,为临床诊断和治疗提供可靠的参考依据。方法选取500例患者的锥形束CT影像资料,测量上颌前磨牙和磨牙的牙槽骨高度、牙根至上颌窦底距离、磨牙牙根与上颌窦的位置关系(垂直和水平关系),按照牙位和年龄将这些数据分组,分析在不同牙位和年龄段的差异。结果上颌前磨牙的牙槽骨高度分别为(11.31±7.39)和(9.52±7.98)mm,显著高于上颌磨牙区,随着年龄的增长牙槽骨高度降低。上颌第二磨牙近颊根至上颌窦底距离最短,其平均值为(1.73±3.63)mm;第一前磨牙牙根至上颌窦底的平均值为(9.53±5.79)mm,至上颌窦底距离最长,随着年龄的增长,牙根与上颌窦底间距离变短。在牙根与上颌窦的垂直关系中,三个牙根均不与上颌窦下壁接触的情况显著高于其他分类;水平关系中,在根尖至根分叉水平观察到上颌窦最为常见;随诊年龄的增长牙根与上颌窦的关系更加密切。结论不同年龄和牙位牙根与上颌窦的关系差异较大,利用锥形束CT可精确分析上颌后牙区解剖结构,制定个性化治疗方案,降低医源性问题的发生。Objective To analyze the height of the alveolar bone, and the relationship between the root of maxillary posterior teeth and the maxillary sinus floor, to provide a reliable reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods Five hundred adult patients referred to cone-beam computed tomography （CBCT） scans for medical reasons were selected for study. The height of alveolar bone and the shortest distance between maxillary sinus floor and root tip were measured. The relationship between the maxillary sinus wall and the roots of the posterior teeth was classified, including vertical and horizontal relationships. These data were grouped according to the teeth and age, and the differences in the teeth and age were analyzed. Results The height of the alveolar bone of the maxillary premolars was （11.31_＋7.39） and （9.52_＋7.98）mm, which was significantly higher than that of maxillary molars, and the height of the alveolar bone decreased with age. The average distance between the mesiobuccal root of the second maxillary molar and the maxillary sinus floor （（1.73_＋3.63） mm） was the shortest among the maxillary roots. The average distance between the root of the first maxillary premolar and the maxillary sinus floor （（9.53_＋5.79） mm） was the longest among the maxillary roots. The distance decreased with age. In the vertical relationship between the maxillary molar root and maxillary sinus floor, the percent of three roots not in contact with the floor was significantly higher than other categories. In horizontal relationship, the floor of maxillary sinus was most frequently observed at the level between the bifurcation and apices of roots. The relationship between root and maxillary sinus was more closely related with the in- crease of age. Conclusions The relationship between the maxillary sinus floor and root is individually different according to the teeth and age. Using the CBCT can accurately analyze the anatomical structure of the maxillary posterior region, design the individua

关 键 词：锥形束CT 上颌窦下壁 牙槽骨 上颌后牙牙根 

分 类 号：R780.1[医药卫生—口腔医学]