奉贤区在管严重精神障碍患者现况分析  

Analysis of the current status of severe mental disorders managed in Fengxian District of Shanghai

作　　者：周红 周青[1] 钱斌[1] 龚兴波 费春华[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海市奉贤区精神卫生中心精防科,上海201418 [2]上海市奉贤区精神卫生中心医教科,上海201418

出　　处：《上海医药》2018年第2期10-13,共4页Shanghai Medical & Pharmaceutical Journal

摘　　要：目的 :通过对奉贤区在管严重精神障碍患者的描述性分析,了解该病的疾病特点,为深入开展精神疾病的社区防控提供依据。方法 :采用横断面研究方法对奉贤区所有在管严重精神障碍患者的信息进行统计分析。结果 :截至2016年12月31日,奉贤区在管严重精神障碍患者共3 951例,时点患病率为3.38‰。其中精神分裂症所占比例最高,时点患病率为2.06‰;男女比例为1∶1.18;职业分布以农民(42.85%)和无业(38.29%)为主;患者文化程度偏低,初中及以下学历占88.40%;婚姻状况中未婚占30.93%,离婚或丧偶占10.86%;疾病导致一级或二级残疾病例占总数的38.25%;患者治疗方式以门诊居多,占69.68%;从服药方式上看,48.22%的患者不服药或拒服药。结论 :严重精神障碍是一种患病率高、致残率高、社会负担重的疾病。政府应建立和完善康复服务体系,专科医院应增加对患者及家属的教育培训,形成医院-社区-家庭相衔接的康复服务模式。Objective： Through descriptive analysis of the patients with severe mental disorders in Fengxian District, to understand the characteristics of the disease so as to provide the scienti？c data for further community prevention and control of mental disorders. Methods： A cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze the information of all patients with severe mental disorders managed in Fengxian District. Results： As of December 31, 2016, 3 951 cases of severe mental disorders managed were reported in Fengxian District with the time point prevalence rate of 3.38 per thousand. Among them schizophrenia had the highest proportion and the time point prevalence was 2.06 per thousand. The ratio of the male to female was 1∶1.18. The occupation distributions were mainly farmers（42.85%） and the unemployed（38.29%）. Patients generally had low education levels and junior high school and below education accounted for 88.40%. In marital status, unmarried accounted for 30.93% and divorced or widowed accounted for 10.86%. Diseases leading to grade one or grade two disabilities accounted for 38.25%. The majority of patients were treated in the outpatient department, accounting for 69.68%. From the way of taking medicine, 48.22% of the patients did not take medicine or refuse to take medicine. Conclusion： The severe mental disorder is a disease with high morbidity, high disability rate and heavy social burden. The government should establish and improve the rehabilitation service system. Specialized hospitals should increase education and training for patients and their families to form a mode of hospital-community- amily cohesion rehabilitation service.

关 键 词：严重精神障碍 社区管理 现况分析 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]