南京市3种果园土壤重金属分布特征及污染评价  

Distribution Characteristics and Pollution Evaluation of Soil Heavy Metals in Three Orchards of Nanjing

作　　者：黄莹[1] 景金泉 毛久庚[1] 马建宏 杜娟 肖旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏丘陵地区南京农业科学研究所,江苏南京210046 [2]南京市农产品质量检测院,江苏南京210036 [3]南京市农业委员会,江苏南京210000

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2018年第2期117-122,共6页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：不同年限草莓土壤反硝化作用及功能微生物演替机制研究(41501333)

摘　　要：为掌握南京市果园(桃园、梨园和葡萄园)土壤重金属(Cu、Pb、Cr、Hg、As、Cd)分布特征,依据土壤环境质量标准(GB 15168─2008)和绿色食品产地土壤环境质量标准(NY/T 391─2013),采用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗污染指数法对不同果园土壤的重金属污染现状进行了评价。结果表明:Cu、Pb、Cr、Hg、As、Cd的含量都未超过无公害食品和绿色食品产地环境条件土壤重金属含量限值。但依据绿色食品产地环境质量标准,桃园、梨园和葡萄园土壤重金属Cu、葡萄园土壤的Cd、Hg和Cr,以及桃园土壤的As单项污染指数大于0.7,但小于1,已接近绿色食品产地土壤污染警戒线。桃园土壤Cr单项污染指数在超过土壤污染警戒线的果园占总样品的12%。从内梅罗污染指数来看,桃园、梨园和葡萄园土壤重金属综合污染指数分别为0.98、0.70和0.71,土壤环境质量评价分别为尚清洁、清洁和尚清洁。因此,南京市果园日常生产中应监测和控制土壤环境中的Cu、Cd、Hg和As含量,将重金属Cr作为严控的土壤污染物。In order to understand the distribution characteristics of soil heavy metals（Cu,Pb,Cr,Hg,As and Cd） in different orchards（peach orchard,pear orchard and grape orchard） of Nanjing city,on the basis of Environmental Quality Standard for Soil（GB 15168─2008） and Green Food Environmental Quality Standard for Production-area Soil（NY/T 391─2013）,we assessed the pollution status of soil heavy metals in different orchards by adopting single-factor pollution index method combined with Nemerow＇s pollution index method. The results indicated that the contents of soil heavy metals Cu,Pb,Cr,Hg,As and Cd were all below the limiting values of Production-area Environmental Condition Standard for Pollution-free Food and Green Food.However,according to NY/T 391─2013,the single-factor pollution index of soil Cu in these three orchards,soil Cd,Hg and Cr in grape orchard,and soil As in peach orchard ranged from 0.7 to 1.0,which was close to the soil pollution cordon of green food production area. In peach orchard,the soil samples in which the single-factor pollution index of Cr exceeded 1. 0 accounted for12% of the total soil samples. The comprehensive pollution indexes of soil heavy metals in peach,pear and grape orchards were0.98,0.70 and 0.71,respectively; according to Nemerow＇s pollution index,the soil environmental quality of peach,pear and grape orchards was assessed as basically clean,clean,and basically clean,respectively. Therefore,the contents of soil Cu,Cd,Hg and As especially Cr should be monitored and strictly controlled in the daily management of orchards in Nanjing.

关 键 词：南京市 果园土壤 重金属污染 分布特征 污染评价 

分 类 号：X131.3[环境科学与工程—环境科学]