短程分子蒸馏技术精制巨尾桉叶精油工艺优化  

Optimization of short-path molecular distillation technology for refining essential oil from Eucalyptus grandis leaves

作　　者：胡雪芳[1,2] 田志清 裴海生[1,2] 张志民 王士奎[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]农业部规划设计研究院农产品加工工程研究所,北京100125 [2]农业部农产品产后处理重点实验室,北京100121

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2018年第2期299-307,共9页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21576142)

摘　　要：为了优化巨尾桉叶精油精制工艺,采用短程分子蒸馏,对初级桉叶精油中1,8-桉叶素和α-蒎烯进行精制,研究不同温度和压力条件下2种物质分离特性。以巨尾桉叶为试验材料,依次采用超临界CO2萃取和分子蒸馏对其进行桉叶油树脂提取和纯化得到初级桉叶精油,采用二因素五水平的响应面优化试验,将馏出物得率、馏出物中1,8-桉叶油素质量分数及α-蒎烯质量分数、馏余物中1,8-桉叶油素质量分数及α-蒎烯质量分数作为试验指标,对分子蒸馏精制桉叶精油工艺进行优化研究。最优纯化工艺条件:以馏出物为目标产物,蒸馏温度38℃,蒸馏压力41 Pa,馏出物中1,8-桉叶油素和α-蒎烯的质量分数分别约为60.80%和31.58%,馏出物的得率为82.06%。分子蒸馏能够对桉叶精油进行有效的纯化精制,桉叶初级精油经过二级分子蒸馏精制后,1,8-桉叶油素和α-蒎烯的质量分数分别提高了77.62%和56.72%。蒸馏温度和蒸馏压力对1,8-桉叶油素质量分数的影响均较α-蒎烯明显,同时,对于1,8-桉叶油素,蒸馏压力的变化对其质量分数的影响较蒸馏温度明显,相反的,对于α-蒎烯,蒸馏温度对其质量分数影响更为显著(P<0.05),该研究结果可为分离提纯2种物质提供技术参考。1,8-cineole and α-pinene are the main constituents of eucalyptus essential oil and important medicine and chemical raw materials.The primary eucalyptus essential oil was refined by short-range molecular distillation,and the separation characteristics of 1,8-cineole and α-pinene of substances under different temperature and pressure conditions were studied,so as to provide technical method for the fractionation and application of eucalyptus essential oil.Using eucalyptus grandis leaves as material,the primary eucalyptus essential oil was extracted and purified by supercritical CO2 extraction and molecular distillation method respectively.Taking the distillate yield,the content of 1,8-cineole and the content of α-pinene in the distillates,the content of 1,8-cineole and the content of α-pinene in the residues as experimental indices,two-stage molecular distillation purification was carried out.Response surface methodology（RSM） based on a two-variable and five-level center composite rotation design（CCRD） was employed to evaluate the purification effects.Using the free path theory,the effects of different distillation temperatures and distillation pressures on the content of 1,8-cineole and α-pinene in distillates and residues were investigated.The optimization of the process of eucalyptus essential oil refining by molecular distillation was studied.The distillation temperature and distillation pressure had significant influence on the effect of 1,8-cineole and α-pinene fractionation,and the experimental results were optimized by the optimization method of multi response values.Taking distillate as the target product,the optimum conditions were as follows：distillation temperature 38 ℃,distillation pressure 41 Pa,and 1,8-cineole and α-pinene content in distillates of 60.80% and 31.58%,respectively,and the yield of the distillates was 82.06%,which were well matched with the predicated values 61.97%,33.37% and 86.38% obtained from the models.The smaller error between experimental and predicted values i

关 键 词：蒸馏 压力 温度 桉叶精油 1 8-桉叶油素 Α-蒎烯 工艺优化 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]