含裂纹故障的航空发动机转子系统动力学特性分析  

Dynamic characteristics of an aero-engine rotor system with crack faults

作　　者：路振勇 侯磊[1] 侯升亮 陈予恕[1] 孙传宗[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学航天学院,哈尔滨150001 [2]山东师范大学管理科学与工程学院,济南250014

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2018年第3期40-46,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(2015CB057400);国家自然科学基金(11602070);中国博士后科学基金(2016M590277)

摘　　要：针对某含有呼吸裂纹故障的航空发动机高压转子系统,研究了系统的动力学特性。考虑裂纹转子的时变特性,推导了裂纹转子的刚度矩阵,考虑重力及不平衡激励,采用转子动力学有限元法建立了系统的动力学方程。采用谐波平衡法对方程进行近似求解,给出了不同裂纹深度下的三维幅频图,表明在临界转速和1/n(n=2,3,4)倍临界转速处均有峰值出现;分析了裂纹深度、裂纹位置对系统振动响应的影响,表明位于跨中的深裂纹影响最大;计算了系统在升速过程中的三维频谱图,结果表明二倍频、三倍频、四倍频成分明显。用Newmark-β数值方法验证了计算结果的正确性。提出的空心轴呼吸裂纹的建模方法为航空发动机转子系统裂纹故障的非线性动力学分析提供了理论指导。Here,nonlinear dynamic characteristics of an aero-engine high-pressure rotor system with a breathing crack on a hollow shaft were investigated. Using the finite element method,the equations of motion for the rotor system were established considering the weight and unbalanced excitation. The cracked rotor system 's stiffness matrix was derived considering its time-varying features. Using the harmonic balance method, the equations were solved approximately. 3 D amplitude-frequency charts were obtained under different crack depths. It was shown that lateral vibration response peaks occur at critical speeds and subcritical ones; a deep crack located at the middle of the shaft has the most significant influence on the system's vibration responses; 3 D amplitude-frequency charts calculated during the rotor rotating speed rising have obvious super-harmonic resonant components of 2 X,3 X and 4 X. Finally,the correctness of numerical computation was verified with the results obtained using Newmark-β method. The proposed modeling method for the rotor system with a breathing crack on its hollow shaft provided a theoretical guidance for the nonlinear dynamic analysis of aero-engine rotor systems with crack faults.

关 键 词：航空发动机裂纹转子 呼吸裂纹 有限元法 谐波平衡法 

分 类 号：V231.96[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]