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机构地区:[1]中山大学肿瘤防治中心胃外科华南肿瘤学国家重点实验室肿瘤医学协同创新中心,广州510060
出 处:《中华胃肠外科杂志》2018年第2期160-164,共5页Chinese Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery
基 金:国家自然科学基金(81372474,81602061);广州市科技计划(2014J4100179)
摘 要:美国国家癌症综合网络(NCCN)发布了临床实践指南胃癌2017年第5版,对胃癌的治疗(包括系统治疗、手术和放疗)作出了全面更新。本文梳理与总结2017年各版本NCCN临床实践指南胃癌,认为主要有以下几项更新要点:(1)生物标志物:胃癌治疗中应考虑检测错配修复缺陷(dMMR)或高微卫星不稳定性(MSI-H)、程序性死亡配体1(PD-L1)以及肿瘤Epstein Barr病毒(EBV)的状态。(2)晚期胃癌的治疗:主要更新在于免疫治疗(Pembrolizumab,Nivolumab联合Ipilimumab)的应用。(3)胃癌D2术后辅助治疗和围手术期治疗:指南更新将卡培他滨联合奥沙利铂作为胃癌D2根治术后辅助治疗方案,从推荐强度2A类上升为1类;尽管尚未被2017年版NCCN指南采纳,以多西他赛为基础的FLOT方案在辅助治疗胃癌方面具有一定潜力。(4)放疗:更新的指南针对不同位置胃癌的放疗、尤其是高危淋巴引流区域进行了更细致的定义。(5)遗传学筛查:指南检测推荐的胃癌遗传学筛查包括遗传性弥漫性胃癌(HDGC)、Lynch综合征、幼年型息肉症(JPS)、Peutz-Jephers综合征(PJS)和家族性腺瘤性息肉病(FAP)。NCCN根据新的循证医学证据,不断更新指南,这是精准医学在胃癌治疗中的体现。2017年胃癌指南最大的变化是针对免疫治疗的多次更新,这也提示胃癌治疗的风向标开始转向免疫治疗。The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) issued the clinical practice guidelines for gastric cancer 2017 edition version 5, which has been fully updated for the treatment of gastric cancer, including systematic treatment, surgery and radiotherapy. This article review and summarize the updated NCCN clinical practice guidelines for gastric cancer in 2017 and try to interpret it. (1) Biomarkers: mismatch repair defect (dMMR) or high microsatellite instability (MSI-H) , programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) and tumor Epstein Barr virus (EBV) status should be considered for patients with gastric cancer. (2) Treatment of advanced gastric cancer: the major update is the application of immunotherapy (Pembrolizumab, Nivolumab combined with Ipilimumab) . (3) Adjuvant therapy after D2 resection and perioperative treatment: the guidelines recommended Capecitabine combined with Oxaliplatin as adjuvant therapy after radical operation, updated from category 2A to 1; although the 2017 edition of the NCCN guidelines have not yet been adopted, Docetaxel-based FLOT scheme has certain potential in adjuvant therapy for gastric cancer. (4) Radiotherapy: a more detailed definition of radiotherapy for gastric cancer in different locations, especially in high-risk lymphatic drainage areas, was updated. (5) Genetic risk assessment: the guidelines recommended genetic screening for gastric cancer, including hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) , Lynch syndrome, juvenile polyposis (JPS) , Peutz-Jephers syndrome (PJS) and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) . The NCCN guidelines continue to update based on new evidences, which is the embodiment of precision medicine in the treatment of gastric cancer. The biggest change in the 2017 gastric cancer guidelines is the updates of immunotherapy, which also suggests that the direction of the gastric cancer treatment began to turn to immunotherapy.
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