群体共情对群际关系的影响:基于社会冲突解决的视角  

Influences of Group Empathy on Intergroup Relationships: From the Perspective of Social Conflict Resolution

作　　者：何晓丽[1] 谢荣慧 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学教育学院,银川750021 [2]临沂职业学院思政部,临沂276000

出　　处：《心理科学》2018年第1期174-179,共6页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：宁夏高校科研项目(NGY2016046);宁夏哲学社会科学重大创新项目(SKZD2017005)的资助

摘　　要：群体共情是指群体成员内化和间接体验另一群体成员的认知和情绪情感的过程。群体共情与个体共情不同,表现在身份感、共情偏好和文化影响的差异等方面。群体共情对群际关系具有促进作用,有助于减少群际冲突,促进群际亲社会行为。共情动机和文化框架转换是分析群体共情对群际关系促进机制的两个视角。未来研究可以探索群体共情与个体共情神经机制的差异,建立群体共情对群际关系影响的综合模型,探索群体共情在群际关系改善中的作用机制。Group empathy refers to the process in which a group membership internalizes and indirectly experiences another group member＇s cognition and emotion. Group identity or label is the basis of group empathy. The empathy subjects＇ state of self-perception determines the group identity, while the number of people involved in empathy is not important. This article proposes that group empathy is another form of empathy that differs from individual empathy, and analyzes the differences. Group empathy and individual empathy differ in the sense of identity, empathy preference and cultural influence. First, group empathy and individual empathy are born out of different backgrounds： The former is produced at a group level, activating group identity, while the latter is produced at an individual level, activating individual identity. Second, the empathy preference between individuals is influenced by interpersonal distances, while the group empathy level mainly lies in whether the empathy object belongs to a group, whether the empathy subject has common experience with the empathy object, etc. Third, the expression, influenced by culture, of group empathy is different from that of individual empathy. Group empathy can promote intergroup relations. In reducing negative factors, group empathy contributes to the emergence of unfairness feeling, and reduces intergroup bias through unfairness feeling. It helps to reduce intergroup aversion, and reduces the intergroup aggressive behavior and intergroup conflicts. In increasing positive factors, group empathy makes the subjects show more positive attitude to outgroup members, and increases contact intention with outgroup members. It enhances more intergroup interaction and intergroup prosocial behavior by promoting intergroup attitudes. Empathy motivation and cultural frame switch are two perspectives from which to analyze how group empathy promotes intergroup relationships. Empathy is a motivation account which means individuals can choose to approach empathy or avoid empa

关 键 词：群体共情 群际关系 共情动机 文化框架转换 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]