从伊朗的历史兴衰看其主体民族和国家的发展特性  

A Study of Iran's Main Ethnic and National Characteristics from the Perspective of Historical Rise and Decline

作　　者：范鸿达[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]厦门大学外文学院,厦门361005 [2]中东研究中心

出　　处：《西亚非洲》2018年第1期110-134,共25页West Asia and Africa

基　　金：本文系教育部人文社科规划基金项目“中东国家政治转型比较研究”(15YJAZH013)之阶段性成果.

摘　　要：伊朗是中东地区大国,其主体民族波斯人是人类历史上第一个世界性大帝国的缔造者。历史上伊朗曾强盛一时,但是也与希腊人、罗马人、阿拉伯人、土耳其人,以及俄国、英国和美国等发生过激烈的战争或冲突,被阿拉伯人征服后波斯人被迫放弃了自己的宗教信仰和语言文字。伊朗历史的曲线发展特性造成波斯人怀有比较明显的地区大国心态、受害者心态和对抗(或反抗)心态。从古至今,伊朗对外冲突频发,除了不可控的外部因素外,也有其内部原因。国家决策者应该审视自身存在的问题,在确定伊朗的地区角色时,应该注意其他利益方的关注;在谋求当代发展时,要恰当地面对历史问题;在引领国家前进时,更要重视民众的关切。努力遏制涉外冲突频发的历史惯性,是当下伊朗发展的当务之急。Ab Iran is a key power in the the Persians, who used to establish the Achaemenid Dynasty, Sassanian Dynasty, Middle East and its major ethnic group is first world great empire. In the time of Safavid Dynasty and Pahlavi Dynasty, Iran were in full flourish. These dynasties brought Iran both glories and conflicts and wars. In history Iran fought with Greeks, Romans, Arabs, Turks, Russians, and British. After being conquered by the Arabs, Persians were forced to give up their own religion and language. Iran＇s historical experiences led to its current mentalities of big power, resistance and victim. Iran should take seriously the reasons for conflicts with other countries and try its best to change the situation. Of course, other countries should also understand the ideas of Iran

关 键 词：民族特性 波斯人 伊朗 历史兴衰 

分 类 号：D815.4[政治法律—国际关系]