外泌体在上皮-间质转化和肿瘤转移中作用的研究进展  

Multifaceted roles of exosomes in epithelial-mesenchymal transition and tumor metastasis

作　　者：田雨鑫 卢韵碧[1] TIAN Yuxin;LU Yunbi(Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院药理学系,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《肿瘤》2018年第2期145-151,共7页Tumor

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:81272594);浙江省自然科学基金资助项目(编号:LY16H010004);浙江省医药卫生科技资助项目(编号:2017KY320)~~

摘　　要：构成肿瘤微环境的细胞和肿瘤细胞本身可释放的大量外泌体,这些外泌体携带核酸、蛋白质和脂质等物质,可通过在细胞间传递信息而促进肿瘤转移。上皮-间质转化(epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT)是肿瘤发生侵袭和向远端转移的关键步骤,外泌体可介导肿瘤细胞发生EMT,赋予细胞侵袭和迁移的能力。外泌体还可帮助肿瘤细胞逃避免疫监视,并促进形成转移前微环境,以接纳迁移和转移而来的肿瘤细胞。本文对外泌体通过促进EMT、调节免疫应答和促进转移前微环境形成等多重作用,而促进肿瘤细胞转移的研究进展作一综述。Carrying nucleic acids, proteins, lipids and other substances, the tumor microenvironment-derived and cancer-derived exosomes promote tumor metastasis through intercellular communication. These exosomes mediate epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT） of tumor cells, which is a key step in tumor invasion and distant metastasis. Exosomes also play important roles in creating tumor microenvironment to help tumor cells escape immune surveillance and to promote the formation of pre-metastatic niche for the engraftment of detached cancer cells. In this review, the progress in multifaceted roles of exosomes in tumor metastasis by inducing EMT, regulating immune response and promoting the formation of pre-metastatic microenvJronment was discussed.

关 键 词：肿瘤 外泌体 上皮-间质转化 肿瘤转移 肿瘤微环境 

分 类 号：R73-37[医药卫生—肿瘤]