粮堆磷化氢浓度衰减阶段数学模型及验证研究  

Mathematical Modelling of Concentration Decay and Experimental Verification During Phosphine Fumigation in Stored Grain

作　　者：郭超[1,2] 王殿轩 劳传忠[1,2] 沙宽宽 温湛清[6] Guo Chao;Wang Dianxuan;Lao Chuanzhong;Sha Kuankuan;Wen Zhanqing(Laboratory of Grain Storage and Pest Control, Guangdong Institute for Cereal Science Research, Guangzhou 510310;School of Grain, Oil and Food, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001;Engineering Research Center of Food Storage and Safety Education Department , Zhengzhou 450001;Baiyun Regional Grain Reserve Company, Guangzhou 510440;Sanzao Grain Reserve Company of Zhuhai City, Zhuhai 519040)

机构地区：[1]广东省粮食科学研究所粮食储藏与害虫防治研究室,广州510310 [2]粮食储运国家工程实验室,广州郑州510310450001 [3]河南工业大学粮油食品学院,郑州450001 [4]粮食储藏与安全教育部工程研究中心,郑州450001 [5]广州市白云区粮食储备公司,广州510440 [6]珠海市三灶粮食收储公司,珠海519040

出　　处：《中国粮油学报》2018年第2期67-73,共7页Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association

基　　金：粮食公益性行业科研专项(201313002); 广东省农村科技领域项目(2014A02008004); 广州市珠江科技新星(201710010034)

摘　　要：研究了压力半衰期为158 s的高大平房仓中磷化氢熏蒸后的浓度变化规律,建立了粮堆内磷化氢浓度和熏蒸时间的关系模型。经压力半衰期分别为105、96、69 s的三个高大平房仓磷化氢浓度变化的实仓验证,表明粮堆内磷化氢浓度衰减阶段的浓度呈指数下降趋势,磷化氢浓度衰减阶段浓度和时间符合指数模型C=ae^(-bt)(a>0;b>0)(其中C为磷化氢浓度,m L/m^3;t为熏蒸时间,d;e为自然指数;a、b为常数)。该模型可用于计算不同磷化氢浓度对应的熏蒸时间、不同熏蒸时间对应的磷化氢浓度、预测粮堆的补药时间等。结合气体发生阶段模型还可以计算磷化氢熏蒸最大浓度、最低熏蒸浓度下的有效熏蒸时间以及磷化氢浓度半数衰减时间HLT。Mathematical model of phosphine concentration descending in stored grain was established in large size horizontal warehouse with 158 s of half-time period from 500 Pa to 250 Pa. And the mathematical model was confirmed in other three large size horizontal warehouse with the half-time period in 105,96,69 s respectively. The results showed that,phosphine concentration descended in exponential model during the fumigations. Phosphine concentration and fumigation time followed the equation,C = ae^-bt（a 0;b 0）（C,phosphine concentration,m L/m^3;t,fumigation time,d;e mathematical constant that is the base of the natural logarithm,a,b constant）. The model of phosphine concentration during fumigation could be used to calculate the exposure time in different phosphine concentrations or the phosphine concentration changes in different fumigation time. Combined with the model of phosphine asending in fumigation,the model of phosphine descending could also calculate the top concentration of phosphine,the effective fumigation time at the minimum fumigation concentration and the half-loss time（ HLT） during the fumigation.

关 键 词：储粮 熏蒸 磷化氢 浓度衰减 模型 

分 类 号：S379[农业科学—农产品加工] TU205[农业科学—农艺学]