放牧和禁牧影响草地物种多样性和有机碳库的途径  

Effects of Grazing and Grazing Exclusion on Species Diversity in Grassland Vegetation and Organic Carbon

作　　者：董乙强 孙宗玖[1] 安沙舟[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院/新疆草地资源与生态自治区重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2018年第1期105-114,共10页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：国家重点研发计划"科技基础资源调查"专项课题(2017FY100201);国家自然基金项目(31160477);新疆自治区研究生科研创新项目(XJGRI2017062)联合资助

摘　　要：以草地生态系统为基础,从干扰途径出发,综述物种多样性和有机碳库对放牧和禁牧的响应规律,并探讨其影响机制。结果显示,草地类型、放牧强度、禁牧时间和气候条件是影响物种多样性和草地碳库的关键因素。一般认为,中度放牧和短期禁牧有利于物种多样性的维持,禁牧是恢复退化草地生态系统的有效途径,但要因地制宜选取最佳禁牧年限。物种多样性和有机碳库之间存在潜在的耦合关系,需要进一步研究。The response of vegetation diversity and organic carbon pool to grazing and grazing exclusion and their influence mechanism were reviewed based on grassland ecosystem.The results showed that grassland type,grazing intensity,grazing exclusion time and climate conditions were key factors that influence the species diversity and grassland carbon pool.Generally,moderate grazing and short-term grazing exclusion are favor to maintaining species diversity,while grazing exclusion is considered to be an effective way to restore degraded grassland ecosystem,but it is necessary to select the best grazing exclusion times according to local conditions.There is a potential coupling relationship between species diversity and organic carbon pool,but it still needs to be further studied.

关 键 词：放牧 围栏封育 物种多样性 有机碳库 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]