论学校体育中的强制与自由——由学校“强制体育”引发的思考  

Compulsion and Freedom in School Physical Education:Thinking Caused by “Compulsory Sports” in School

作　　者：张晓林[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学体育学院,四川成都621000

出　　处：《北京体育大学学报》2017年第12期78-83,共6页Journal of Beijing Sport University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金"十二五"规划2015年度教育学青年课题

摘　　要：运用文献资料法、唯物辩证法和系统分析法,深入梳理剖析了学校体育中强制与自由的相互关系及其协调发展的策略。研究认为:对学校体育场域中强制与自由内在关系的理性分析和辩证认识,事关学校体育价值目标的本真回归,有助于进一步重构学校体育的责任和秩序。国家意志和个人意愿、教师权威和学生主体、目的预设与手段过程、统一性与多样性等方面的关系是学校体育场域中强制与自由关系的集中体现。建议从强制与自由的矛盾源头出发,建立学校体育具体问题的辩证分析思维;重塑学校体育责任意识,加强学校体育法治,切实保障学生的基本体育权利,构建良好的学校体育秩序;健全公众民意参与学校体育发展制度,搭建学校体育发展的共建共享社会联动机制等,引导学校体育的强制有限与自由有度,推动强制与自由的相互调适和转换,提高学校体育中强制与自由的均衡化,从而促进学校体育的健康可持续发展。This study deeply analyzed the relationship between compulsion and freedom in school physical education and the development strategy by the methods of literature review,materialist dialectics and systematic analysis.Conclusions：The rational analysis and dialectical understanding of the inner relationship between compulsion and freedom in school physical education are related to the true return of value goal of school physical education,and help to further reconstruct the responsibility and order of school physical education.The relationships between state will and personal will,teacher authority and student body,purpose presupposition and process,unity and diversity are the concentrated expressions of the relationship between compulsion and freedom in the school physical education.Suggestions：We should establish dialectical thinking of school physical education starting from the source of contradiction between compulsion and freedom; reshape the sense of school physical education responsibility,strengthen the rule of law,guarantee students＇ basic physical education rights and build a good school physical education order; perfect the development system of public participating in school physical education,build co-constructed and sharing social linkage mechanism of school physical education,guide the limitation of compulsion and freedom,promote mutual adjustment and transformation of compulsory and freedom,improve the balance of compulsion and freedom,so as to promote the healthy and sustainable development of school physical education.

关 键 词：学校体育 强制体育 体育秩序 国家意志 个人意愿 责任意识 体育权利 体质健康 

分 类 号：G807[文化科学—体育训练]