隐喻识解过程中可能性特征提取的心理现实性:来自ERPs的证据  

Psychological Reality of the Possible Feature-Deriving Process of Metaphor Comprehension: Evidence from ERPs

作　　者：廖巧云 胡权 潘翔 邱晋[4] 姜孟[5] LIAO Qiaoyun1;HU Quan2;PANG Xiang3;QIU Jirt4;JIANG Meng5

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学英语学院,上海200083 [2]四川外国语大学研究生院,重庆400031 [3]重庆学为贵教育科技有限公司,重庆400010 [4]重庆交通大学外国语学院,重庆400074 [5]四川外国语大学教务处,重庆400031

出　　处：《英语研究》2018年第1期77-90,共14页English Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“修辞的神经认知语言学研究”(11XYY016)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：本文基于ADRIM模型,采用ERPs技术,以汉语为母语的英语学习者为被试,探讨了隐喻识解过程中可能性特征提取的心理现实性。实验采用单因素三水平被试内设计,实验材料以随机方式呈现。每组实验材料包括语境句、关键句（隐喻句或直义句或无关句）、探测词和陈述句;被试对探测词的真假做出判断,并判断陈述句的内容是否与前面语境句和关键句相符;实验记录被试判断探测词的反应时和脑电。实验结果显示：（1）对三类句子条件下探测词真假判断的反应时进行比较,隐喻句条件时间最短,直义句条件居中,无关句条件最长;（2）对三类句子条件下探测词诱发的N400波幅进行比较,隐喻句条件诱发了显著的N400,其波幅显著大于直义句,而且隐喻句和直义句条件均小于无关句条件。研究得出了如下初步结论：（1）汉语母语学习者在隐喻话语理解中的可能性特征提取具有心理现实性;（2）关于语义修辞话语识解机制的思辨性探讨获得了初步的电生理学证据支持。Based on ADRIM （the Annotation-Denotation Relevance-Inheritance Model）, the present study employs ERPs to explore the psychological reality of the possible feature-deriving process of metaphor comprehension with the ESL students as subjects. The experiment adopts ＂one factor-three levels within- subjects design＂ with randomly presented testing materials, each of which includes a context sentence, a key sentence （a metaphorical sentence, a literal sentence or an unrelated sentence）, a probe word and a declarative sentence. While the participants are supposed to judge whether the probe word is true or false and whether the declarative sentence is relevant to the previous context sentence and key sentence, the reaction time and the EEG data are recorded. The results show that： （~）As for the reaction times of the probe-word testing for the three types of sentences, metaphorical sentences are shorter than literal sentences, and um^lated sentences are longest; （~）As for the Nd00 amplitudes, metaphorical sentences elicit more negative amplitudes than literal sentences, and unrelated sentences have the most negative amplitudes. The results indicate that： （~）Possible feature derivation is psychologically real in the subjects＇ congrehension of metaphors; （~）Electrophysiological evidence is preliminarily verified in Liao＇ s speculative study of the construal mechanism of semantic rhetorics.

关 键 词：隐喻 识解机制 事件相关电位 可能性特征提取 心理现实性 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]