汉语阅读困难儿童的抑制控制能力研究  

The Inhibitory Control by Children with Chinese-Language Reading Difficulties

作　　者：赵丽波 林婉洁 袁姗姗 魏硕池 刘丽[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学人文社会科学学院心理系,北京100191 [2]北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室,北京100875

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2018年第2期38-44,共7页Chinese Journal of Special Education

基　　金：北京市哲学社会科学基金"十三五"规划2015年度项目"现代多元新媒体环境下首都儿童阅读障碍的成因分析及干预模式探索"(项目批准号:15JYC034)资助

摘　　要：为考察汉语阅读困难儿童是否存在抑制控制能力的缺陷,本研究对23名阅读困难儿童和20名控制组儿童在昼夜任务以及Stroop任务中的成绩进行了比较。结果发现:(1)昼夜任务中阅读困难组的正确率低于控制组;(2)Stroop任务中,字色一致和字色不一致两个条件下正确率的差别,阅读困难组高于控制组;(3)在排除了快速命名、语音意识、正字法意识和语素意识等语言加工能力之后,上述差异仍然显著。这些结果表明汉语阅读困难儿童存在抑制控制能力的缺陷,并且抑制控制能力独立于语言加工技能对汉语儿童阅读困难起到预测作用。This study aims to explore whether children with Chinese-language reading difficulties have deficits in inhibitory control, by testing 23 children with Chinese-language reading difficulties and 20 children in the con- trol group in the day-night task and the Stroop task. The results show the following： （1） In the day-night task, the group with reading difficulties showed a lower rate of accuracy than the control group; （2） in the Stroop task, the group with reading difficulties showed a greater difference in accuracy than the control group in congruent and incongruent conditions; and （3） these group differences remained exclusive of rapid naming, phonological aware- ness, orthographic awareness, morphological awareness, and other language processing abilities. These results indicate that children with Chinese-language reading difficulties have deficits in inhibitory control, and that inhib- itory control, independent of linguistic processing skills, can be used to predict children＇s Chinese-language read- ing difficulties.

关 键 词：抑制控制能力 阅读困难 STROOP任务 昼夜任务 

分 类 号：B842.5[哲学宗教—基础心理学]