长江中游地区生态系统格局动态演变特征  

Dynamic Evolution of Regional Landscape Ecosystem in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River

作　　者：熊善高[1] 万军[1] 秦昌波[1] 李新[1] 关杨 路路 王依[1] Xiong Shangao;Wan Jun;Qin Changbo;Li Xin;Guan Yang;Lu Lu;Wang Yi(Chinese Academy for Environmental Planning, MEP, Beijing 100012, China)

机构地区：[1]环境保护部环境规划院,北京100012

出　　处：《环境保护科学》2018年第1期30-35,共6页Environmental Protection Science

摘　　要：利用3期(2000、2005、2010年)遥感分类数据为基础数据源,对长江中游地区2000~2010年生态系统格局动态变化特征进行了分析。结果表明:长江中游地区主要存在6种生态系统类型,其中以森林生态系统和农田生态系统为主,二者面积约占全区域总面积的58%和31%。各生态系统面积大小依次为:森林生态系统>农田生态系统>湿地生态系统>城镇生态系统>草地生态系统>其他生态系统。森林生态系统、草地生态系统等绿色生态空间主要呈环状结构分布。农田生态系统主要分布在中部江汉平原地区。湿地生态系统则主要分布在洞庭湖地区和鄱阳湖地区。10年间,区域内生态系统均发生明显变化,以城镇生态系统变化幅度最大,增长约25.45%。湿地生态系统变化幅度最小,约为0.03%。空间转移最显著特征为农田生态系统转为城镇生态系统,呈现极端非平衡态势。In this paper,by use of three-period（ the year of 2000,2005 and 2010） remote sensing classification data as the basic data source,dynamic characteristics of the landscape ecosystem of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River from 2000 to2010 was analyzed. The results showed that there were six types of ecosystem in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River,with the forest ecosystem and the farmland ecosystem as the majority covering about 58% and 31% respectively of the total area. The area of the forest ecosystem was the largest,followed by the farmland ecosystem,the wetland ecosystem,the town ecosystem,the grassland ecosystem and other ecosystem in a descending order. Green ecological spaces of the forest ecosystem and the grassland ecosystem were distributed in an aring structure. The farmland ecosystem was mainly distributed in the central area of Jianghan Plain. The wetland ecosystem was mainly distributed in the areas of Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake. Regional ecosystems had obvious changes within the past ten years. The town ecosystem was changed maximally with the growth by about25. 45%. The wetland ecosystem was changed minimally with the growth by about 0. 03%. The most obvious feature of space transfer was that the farmland ecosystem was changed into the town ecosystem,presenting an extreme non-equilibrium state.

关 键 词：长江中游地区 生态系统格局 动态变化 空间转移 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]