电信诈骗案犯罪数额的认定应适用事实推定而非刑事推定——印证模式例外之刑事推定的辨析  

The Money Amount involved in Telecoms Fraud Determined by Factual Presumption Not by Criminal Presumption——Analyze the Criminal Presumption Besides Confirmation Mode

作　　者：胡云飞 朱国斌 

机构地区：[1]湖州市人民检察院,浙江湖州313000 [2]湖州市中级人民法院,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《公安理论与实践（上海公安高等专科学校学报）》2018年第1期77-84,共8页Journal of Shanghai Police College

摘　　要：2016年12月19日,两高一部出台了《关于办理电信网络诈骗等刑事案件适用法律若干问题的意见》(简称《意见》),有必要对刑事推定和事实推定进一步明确各自的概念和适用,从而正确理解和适用该《意见》。刑事推定=间接证据证明+排除辩方提出的怀疑,事实推定=间接证据证明+印证。从待证事实角度出发纵观刑事法律,到目前为止,有且仅有巨额财产来源不明罪,将巨额财产来源合法的证明责任转移到被告人身上,其他刑事推定均出现在被告人主观事实的证明上。故而,数额的认定作为客观事实不应适用刑事推定,在数额认定没有印证的前提下,不应将举证责任转移至被告人承担,在被告人未提出有效反驳的情况下,作出对其不利的事实认定。On December 19, 2016, the Supreme People＇s Court, Supreme People＇s Procuratorate and Ministry of Public Security jointly issued？＂the Opinions on Issues concerning the Application of Law in the Handling of Criminal Cases of Telecoms Fraud＂, which is abbreviated to ＂the Opinion＂ henceforth. So it is necessary to further clarify the concepts of criminal presumption and factual presumption so as to have a better understanding of ＂the Opinion＂. Criminal presumption = circumstantial evidence＋ excluding the doubts raised by defendants while factual presumption =circumstantial evidence＋ confirmation. From the perspective of factual presumption, the criminal law is overviewed. Up to now, only in the case concerning unknown huge wealth source, the legal responsibility of proof is transferred to the defendant. In other cases criminal presumption relies mainly on the subjective proof of the defendants. Therefore, the determination of the money amount as objective facts is not applied to criminal presumption. When the amount is not determined, the legal responsibility of proof should not be transferred to the accused and when the accused do not appeal, the adverse factual identification should not be made to him or her.

关 键 词：电信诈骗 数额认定 事实推定 刑事推定 印证 举证责任转移 

分 类 号：D915.3[政治法律—诉讼法学]