资源依赖还是创新制胜?——基于组织“烙印”作用的新企业生存研究  

Resource Dependence or Innovation Success? On the Survival of Newly Founded Ventures Based on Organizational Imprinting Role

作　　者：李贲[1] 吴利华[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学经济管理学院,江苏南京211189

出　　处：《外国经济与管理》2018年第2期35-50,共16页Foreign Economics & Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(11BGL061);江苏省社会科学基金项目(14SZB024);江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目(2015ZDAXM004);2017年中央高校基本科研业务费基金重大引导项目(2242017S10014)

摘　　要：新企业创立初期存活率低,深受"新进入缺陷"的困扰,成立条件对其生存具有"烙印"作用。本文选择2004—2011年的江苏省制造业企业数据,以资源禀赋和创新行为这两种成立条件为研究对象,考察两者对新企业生存的影响。研究发现:新企业的存活依赖于资源禀赋的丰富程度,采取创新行为能改善新企业的生存状态,两者存在相互替代的交互关系。同时,创新行为的作用具有异质性:辅助性工艺创新的作用优于生产性工艺创新,生产性工艺创新的作用优于工艺创新的整体效果,而产品创新的作用并不显著。本文从资源和战略的视角,验证了创立条件对新企业生存的"烙印"作用,从而深化了组织"烙印"作用理论在企业发展演化过程中的应用,并为解读中国情境下新企业生存问题提供了新的理论视角和经验证据。The rapid economic growth during last three decades in China gives rise to many entrepreneurs and newly founded ventures. However, newly founded ventures last only a short time and have a small survival rate. Why do some newly founded ventures survive and thrive while others struggle and die？ What factors determine the survival of newly founded ventures？ Firm growing theory considers internal factors as the sources of growth while entrepreneurs have found in practice that technology is the ＂moat＂ of a new firm. Under the current background of economic transformation and＂mass entrepreneurship and innovation＂, it is urgent to study the rules of the survival and growth of new firms in order to improve their survival rate. Newly founded ventures struggle to survive because of the＂liability of newness＂. The previous literature focuses on the early stage of the life cycle and analyzes the overcoming of the ＂liability of newness＂. The relatively consistent view is that the founding conditions determine the initial survival rate of newly founded ventures, and have a lasting impact on later growth and performance, i.e., the ＂imprinting＂ role. Previous studies further examine various types of founding conditions, such as external environmental conditions, internal resource endowments, and strategic choices. Resource-based theory considers an enterprise as a collection of various productive resources, and some scholars have discussed the relationship between resource endowments and the survival of new ventures. In recent years, research based on resource bricolage theory deeply discusses how the new ventures cobble together the existing, scattered, and seemingly useless resources on hand to break through the resource constraints due to initial resource shortage. However, because of the difficulties in obtaining data of founding conditions and measuring resource endowments, there are only a few empirical studies on resource endowments and the survival of newly founded ventures in China.Other scholars

关 键 词：资源禀赋 创新行为 新企业生存 烙印作用 资源拼凑 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]