地标自主导航的高精度地标库建立方法  

A building method of high-precision landmark library for landmark autonomous navigation

作　　者：杨博[1] 张典律 赵晓涛 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学宇航学院,北京100083

出　　处：《北京航空航天大学学报》2018年第1期1-9,共9页Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

摘　　要：利用地标信息的卫星自主导航方法是通过星载光学摄像机实时拍摄地标景象来计算卫星的位置、速度等参数,具有完全自主的特点,并且适用范围广泛,可用于能够周期性获得地面图像的航天器,但受到地标选取方法以及地标库建立策略的制约,影响到导航精度,阻碍了推广使用。针对上述问题,提出了建立全局及高性能的地标库,即采用全球地标控制点选取的原则选取性能优良的全球地标样本,并自动生成全局地标库。通过计算机仿真验证了该方法的有效性,结果表明,使用全球地标控制点选取地标样本,并自动生成全局地标库,可以快速而准确地为航天器进行高精度的自主导航,导航位置误差约为99 m,速度误差约为0.08 m/s。Satellite autonomous navigation based on landmark information can be used for all kinds of sat- ellites which can periodically obtain images of earth surface for its high accuracy and independence. This method has been restricted by landmark selection method and the establishment strategy of landmark library, which affect the navigation precision and hinder the popularization and application of this navigation method. To solve these problems, a method for establishing global high-performance landmark library is proposed. The global landmark library could be automatically generated by using global landmark control areas to select high- quality global landmark samples. To verify the feasibility of the proposed method, a simulation program was designed. The results show that the position error of the landmark navigation system based on the new land- mark library is about 99 m, and velocity error is about 0.08 m/s. The proposed method can provide high-pre- cision autonomous navigation for spacecraft fast and accurately.

关 键 词：卫星自主导航 地标导航 地标库 灰度场特征参数 最大相关系数(MCC)法 

分 类 号：V448[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]