孤独症谱系障碍的药物治疗研究进展  

Research progress in medicinal treatment of autism spectrum disorders

作　　者：徐祥清[1] 王克威[2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏恩华药业股份有限公司,江苏徐州221116 [2]青岛大学药学院,山东青岛266021

出　　处：《药学学报》2018年第3期321-327,共7页Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica

摘　　要：孤独症谱系障碍(autistic spectrum disorder,ASD)是一组严重影响儿童健康、具有显著临床和病因异质性的中枢神经系统发育障碍性疾病,表现为社会互作障碍、语言障碍及多种类型的重复性行为,其病因及发病机制均尚未完全阐明,迄今为止尚无特异性的治疗药物。目前,对ASD多采用行为干预为主而药物治疗为辅的综合性治疗措施。行为干预对ASD的核心症状有一定的治疗效果,药物治疗对核心症状效果虽然不大,但对其他的症状如易激惹、攻击性、自残行为、焦虑、高活动性、失眠、强迫行为及注意力不集中等具有一定的改善作用。目前有较多的药物正在进行ASD的临床及临床前实验研究,这些药物包括第二代抗精神病药、抗抑郁药、抗多动症药物、抗癫痫药、抗感染药、谷氨酸受体调节剂、GABA受体调节剂、mTOR抑制剂和神经肽类等。本文将对治疗ASD药物的临床及临床前研究进展进行综述。Autism spectrum disorders（ASD） are a group of behaviorally defined, etiologically heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by impairment in social reciprocity, disturbances in language and various types of repetitive behaviors. The etiology and pathogenic mechanism of ASD are still unclear and there is no effective treatment available yet. ASD treatment includes behavioral and medicinal interventions. Behavioral interventions are the first line of treatment for ASD, alleviating core symptoms. Medicinal treatments, exert limited effect towards the core symptoms, represent an aide to the behavioral intervention and mainly apply to the so-called associated behavioral symptoms, such as irritability, aggression, self-injury, anxiety, insomnia, hyperactivity, low attention and compulsive behavior. A wide range of different agents are currently being tested in the preclinical and clinical studies, which include antipsychotics, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, anxiolytics, anti-infective drugs, glutamate receptor modulators, GABA receptor modulators, m TOR inhibitors and neuropeptides, etc. The purpose of present review is to cover the research advances in drug development and medicinal treatment of autism spectrum disorders.

关 键 词：孤独症谱系障碍 药物治疗 抗精神病药 抗抑郁药 阿立哌唑 利培酮 

分 类 号：R964[医药卫生—药理学]