汶川地震6年后救援护士心理弹性及影响因素分析  

Analysis of resilience and influencing factors of disaster relief nurses after 6 years of Wenchuan earthquake

作　　者：廖静萍 李小麟[1] 高彬[2] 张明凤[3] 张元芳[4] 刘茂群 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院护理部,成都610042 [2]四川省都江堰市医疗中心护理部,成都611830 [3]四川省绵竹市人民医院护理部,德阳618200 [4]四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州汶川县人民医院护理部,623000 [5]四川省都江堰市第二人民医院护理部,成都611830

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2017年第34期4326-4331,共6页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的了解汶川地震救援护士的心理弹性状况及其影响因素，为以后的心理干预和心理康复提供依据。方法选取曾参与过汶川地震救援工作的护理人员736名，采用自行设计一般资料调查表和心理弹性量表，以了解汶川地震救援护士的心理弹性影响因素。结果736名救援护士心理弹性总分为（59.03±20.67）分，坚韧、力量、乐观维度得分分别为（29.64±11.58）、（20.55±6.70）、（8.83±3.50）分；单因素分析提示，不同性别、文化程度、家庭人均月收入、财产损失、参与的急救方式、健康状况、居住满意度、领导同事支持满意度、朋友亲戚支持满意度的灾区救援护士群体心理弹性得分，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）；多元逐步回归分析显示，家庭人均月收入、领导同事支持满意度、职称、身体健康状况影响心理弹性得分（调整R2=0.157，F=12.163，P〈0.001）。结论地震6年后灾区救援护士心理弹性总体一般，有待提高。家庭人均月收入、领导同事支持满意度、职称、身体健康状况是其影响因素；建议重点关注此类高危人群，给予其积极、有效的心理干预，以提高灾区救援护士心理弹性水平。ObjectiveTo explore the resilience status and its influencing factors of rescue nurses in Wenchuan earthquake, so as to provide evidence for future psychological intervention and psychological rehabilitation.Methods Totally 736 nurses who took part in the rescue works of the great Wenchuan earthquake were selected as the research objects. They were surveyed by a self-designed general information questionnaire and the Connor-Davidson resilience scale （CD-RISC） in order to understand the psychological resilience factors of rescue nurses in Wenchuan earthquake.Result Total score of CD-RISC of 736 rescue nurses was （59.03±20.67） points, scores of tolerance, strength and optimism were （29.64±11.58） , （20.55±6.70） , （8.83±3.50） points, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that rescue nurses had different posttraumatic growth who had different gender, cultural level, household income monthly per capita, financial loss in the disaster, rescue place, physical health status, satisfaction with houses, satisfaction with leaders and colleagues, friends and relatives. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that household income monthly per capita, satisfaction with leaders and colleagues, title and physical health status could affect the total score of CD-RISC （adjust R2=0.157, F=12.163, P〈0.01） .ConclusionsAfter 6 years of earthquake, the resilience of rescue nurses in disaster areas is at moderate level and needs to be improved. Household income monthly per capita, satisfaction with leaders and colleagues, title and physical health status are independent factors affecting rescue nurses＇ resilience. It is suggested to pay attention to such high-risk groups, and give them positive and effective psychological intervention to improve the resilience level of disaster relief nurses.

关 键 词：地震 护士 心理弹性 影响因素 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]