生物基润滑油基础油的结构创新与产业化进展  

Structure Innovation and Commercialization Progress of Bio-Based Lube Base Oil

作　　者：陆交 张耀[1] 段庆华[1] 刘依农[1] 鱼鲲[1] 王立华[1] 曾建立[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石化石油化工科学研究院,北京100083

出　　处：《石油学报（石油加工）》2018年第2期203-216,共14页Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Processing Section)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFB0306800)资助

摘　　要：润滑油源头污染、过程污染、泄漏和再加工污染问题日益受到重视,研究开发与应用环保型生物基润滑油基础油至关重要。在经济和法律双重引导下,国外大型润滑油公司不断推陈出新,小型的专业化公司持续涌现,先后开发了多种不同结构、制备路线的生物基润滑油基础油,部分已面向工业化。笔者就近年来生物基润滑油基础油的结构创新与产业化进展进行综述,详细列举了植物油脂或糖制备高性能基础油的新路径,并探讨了脂肪酸内酯基础油分子结构对理化性能的影响规律,从分子尺度揭示影响基础油性能的关键因素。最后,简单讨论了国内生物基润滑油基础油与国外所存在的技术水平、环境效益和经济效益的差距,提出了发展设想。Lubricant oil pollution has drawn much attention due to the increasing emphasis on environment protection in recent years.Therefore,it is crucial for the research,development,and application of environmental friendly lubricant oils.In the latest 20 years,many companies abroad had brought forth the new ideas in the biodegradable lubricant oils,and many kinds of bio-base oil with innovative molecular structures had been constructed.In this paper,the structure innovation and commercialization progress of bio-base oil are reviewed.Especially,the new paths for preparing high performance base oil from vegetable oil and saccharide are highlighted.The relationships between molecular structure and physical properties of estolide esters are emphasized.We also overview the gaps among technology,environmental and economic benefit of bio-base oil in both domestic and overseas.Moreover,the development perspective on bio-base oil in future has been put forward.We hope that this review can be helpful for the innovation and industrial application of bio-lubricant oil and base oil in China.

关 键 词：生物基基础油 植物油 可降解润滑油 结构创新 聚α烯烃 烯烃复分解%脂肪酸内酯 

分 类 号：TE626[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程]