论中美调解员素质的差异  

Research on the Quality Differences Between Mediators in China and the United States

作　　者：董小红[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学法学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《乐山师范学院学报》2018年第2期121-130,共10页Journal of Leshan Normal University

基　　金：国家社科基金重点资助项目"依法治国与党内法规建设研究"(14AZD137)

摘　　要：我国人民调解制度尽管历史悠久,但目前只承担着极其有限的解纷功能,而美国非诉讼纠纷解决机制历史虽较为短暂,却被广泛适用,两者在不同国度发挥的作用相形见绌。相较而言,制约我国人民调解制度发展的诸多因素中,人民调解员的素质是核心要素。《人民调解法》赋予人民调解员可获得司法部和法院指导的权利,但该制度缺乏外部相关组织或机构的大力扶持与鼎力相助,致使其发展存在"供氧不足"现状,表现出先天的缺陷;而支撑人民调解制度的中坚力量——人民调解员,其自身素质又存在后天补给不力。当前亟需加强调解员自身建设,使综合素质较高的个人不断充实到人民调解员群体中来,增强调解员群体"自身造血"的功能。只有当内外条件兼备,才能真正发挥人民调解的作用。The mediation system plays different roles in China and the United States:the system of people's mediation in China has a long history,but it only bears limited functions of dispute resolution;although,the history of Alternative Dispute Resolution(ADR)in the United States is short,it is widely used.Comparatively speaking,the quality of mediators is the core element of restricting the development of people's mediation.People's Mediation Law empowers Chinese mediators to have the right to get the guidance of the judiciary and the court,but it is lack of such support from external organizations or institutions so that there is not enough motivation and momentum,showing intrinsic defect.Moreover,the quality of the people 's mediators,the core of the system,cannot supply and make up the gap.Therefore,the quality of people's mediators should be strengthened,for example,the people of high quality are supposed to join the group of mediators,so as to enhance their self-restoration ability.Only when they get refined internally and externally can the role of people 's mediation come into play.

关 键 词：人民调解员素质 资格认证 培训要求 中美比较 

分 类 号：DF714[政治法律—诉讼法学]