一株贝莱斯芽孢杆菌抑制禾谷镰刀菌的研究  

Study on the Inhibitory Effect of Bacillus velezensis on Fusarium graminearum

作　　者：宗英 赵月菊[2] 刘阳[2] 杨庆利 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学食品科学与工程学院,山东青岛266109 [2]中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所/农业部农产品加工重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《核农学报》2018年第2期310-317,共8页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2013CB127805);科技基础性工作专项重点项目(2013FY113400);国家基金青年基金项目(31401600)

摘　　要：为丰富生物防治菌株资源,本试验从感染赤霉病的麦穗上通过平板对峙法筛选到1株可高效抑制禾谷镰刀菌的细菌JS25R,在温室条件下该菌能有效降低小麦赤霉病的发病率、发病程度和病情指数。根据形态特征、生理生化特性和16S rDNA序列分析,将这株拮抗菌鉴定为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis)。进一步通过发酵液和挥发性物质抑制禾谷镰刀菌效果分析初步研究该菌抑制禾谷镰刀菌的机理。结果表明,JS25R的发酵液可抑制禾谷镰刀菌的生长,抑菌带宽度为0.58 cm。通过PCR扩增,确定该菌具有生防相关的5个脂肽合成基因。同时,JS25R可产生挥发性物质抑制谷镰刀菌的菌体生长(抑制率为27.7%)和孢子萌发(抑制率为26.7%),禾烷酮、2-壬酮和2-壬醇4种物质可完全抑制禾谷镰刀菌的生长。气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)分析结果表明,该菌可产生36种挥发性化合物,主要为酮类、烷类、苯类、醇类等,其中二甲基二硫醚、2-十一。本研究结果为禾谷镰刀菌生物防治提供了菌种材料。To enrich the biological control strain resources of wheat scab,a strain JS25 R was obtained by antagonistic trials against Fusarium graminearum from the infected wheat spikelets in this study. The strain JS25 R exhibited effective antifungal activity against F. graminearum and also efficiently reduced disease severity,disease incidence and disease index. Based on biochemical and physiological characteristics,and 16 S rDNA analysis,the selected strains was identified as Bacillus velezensis. The inhibition mechanism of this strain against F. graminearum was further investigated by antagonistic effect of cell free culture and volatile compounds（ VOCS） produced by JS25 R. It showed that cell free culture of JS25 R could effectively reduce the growth of F. graminearum with an inhibition zone of 0. 58 cm. The presence of five antimicrobial peptide genes were checked by PCR. Amplification of these gene markers showed that each gene had one specific band with the right size. Besides,VOCS produced by JS25 R could reduce the growth of F.graminearum by 27. 7% and the germination by 26. 7% . Among these VOCS,disulfide dimethyl,2-undecanone,2-nonanone and 2-nonanol could completely inhibit the growth of F. graminearum. In total,36 volatile compounds of JS25 R were detected by GC-MS,mainly ketones,alkanes,benzenes,alcohols and so on. The results from this research suggested that Bacillus strains could be a potential candidate antagonist of fusarium head blight.

关 键 词：贝莱斯芽孢杆菌 禾谷镰刀菌 赤霉病 生物防治 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]