中国城镇污水处理厂温室气体排放时空分布特征  

Emission Inventory of Greenhouse Gas from Urban Wastewater Treatment Plants and Its Temporal and Spatial Distribution in China

作　　者：闫旭 邱德志 郭东丽 齐星昊 郑仕侃 程轲 孙剑辉 刘建伟 

机构地区：[1]河南师范大学环境学院,黄淮水环境与污染防治教育部重点实验室,河南省环境污染控制重点实验室,新乡453007 [2]北京建筑大学环境与能源工程学院,北京市可持续城市排水系统构建与风险控制工程技术研究中心,北京应对气候变化研究和人才培养基地,北京100044

出　　处：《环境科学》2018年第3期1256-1263,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51408199); 河南省科技攻关计划项目(162102310096)

摘　　要：城镇污水处理厂由于运行过程中能够大量产生二氧化碳(CO_2)、甲烷(CH_4)和氧化亚氮(N_2O),而被视为重要的人为温室气体释放源.采用基于污染物削减量的排放因子法建立了2014年中国城镇污水处理厂温室气体(CO_2、CH_4和N_2O)排放清单,并分析温室气体排放的时空分布和影响因素.结果表明,2014年中国城镇污水处理厂温室气体排放总量(以CO_2-eq计)为7 348.60 Gg,CO_2、CH_4和N_2O排放量分别为6 054.57 Gg、27.47 Gg(769.08 Gg,以CO_2-eq计)和1.98 Gg(524.95 Gg,以CO_2-eq计);各省份间排放量差异明显,华东地区排放量较高,西北地区排放量较低,西藏几乎没有排放,2005~2014年这10年间中国通过城镇污水处理厂排放的温室气体总量增长了229.4%,CO_2、CH_4和N_2O的涨幅分别为217.9%、217.9%和520.3%;地区经济的发展水平和污水处理量与当地城镇污水厂温室气体释放量相关性最大,人均蛋白质供应量与城镇污水厂N_2O产生量密切相关.Urban wastewater treatment plants are considered important greenhouse gas resources with massive emissions of carbon dioxide（CO2）,methane（CH4）,and nitrous oxide（N2O） during operation. Based on the emission factor approach of pollutant reduction,the 2014 emission inventory of greenhouse gases（CO2,CH4,and N2O） from urban wastewater treatment plants in China was established. In addition,the temporal and spatial distribution and influencing factors of greenhouse gas emissions were analyzed in this study. The results showed that total emissions of greenhouse gas from urban wastewater treatment plants in China was 7 348. 60 Gg（CO2-eq） in 2014,which included CO2,CH4,and N2O emissions of 6 054. 57 Gg,27. 47 Gg（769. 08 Gg,CO2-eq）,and 1. 98 Gg（524. 95 Gg,CO2-eq）,respectively. The difference in greenhouse gas emissions among provinces was significant： high emissions appeared in the eastern areas of China,low emissions were observed in the northwest,and hardly any emissions were found in Xizang.From 2005 to 2014,annual greenhouse gas emissions from urban sewage treatment plants in China increased by 229. 4%,and the rates of CO2,CH4,and N2O increased by 217. 9%,217. 9%,and 520. 3%,respectively. The regional economic development level and number of wastewater treatment plants were correlated the most with the emissions of greenhouse gasses,and the per-capita protein supply was closely related with the N2O emission.

关 键 词：排放清单 温室气体 城镇污水处理厂 空间分布 时间分布 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X52