环丙沙星对膜生物反应器中微生物群落及抗性基因的影响  

Influence of Ciprofloxacin on the Microbial Community and Antibiotics Resistance Genes in a Membrane Bioreactor

作　　者：戴琦 刘锐 梁玉婷[2] 舒小铭 徐灿灿 陈吕军 

机构地区：[1]浙江清华长三角研究院生态环境研究所,浙江省水质科学与技术重点实验室,嘉兴314006 [2]中国科学院南京土壤所,南京210008 [3]清华大学环境学院,北京100084

出　　处：《环境科学》2018年第3期1333-1341,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：嘉兴市科技计划项目(2016AY23099); 南湖区科技计划项目(2015QS01); 浙江清华长三角研究院青年骨干基金A类项目(2015)

摘　　要：用膜生物反应器(membrane bioreactor,MBR)处理含环丙沙星(ciprofloxacin,CIP)的合成废水,考察了不同CIP进水浓度(0、5、10、15 mg·L-1)下MBR的微生物群落特征和抗性基因丰度的变化.结果表明,随着进水中CIP浓度从0 mg·L-1增加至15 mg·L-1,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)仍保持为优势菌门,相对丰度比例分别为57.5%和12.7%;红环菌科(Rhodocyclaceae)、Chitinophagaceae和丛毛单胞菌科(Comamonadaceae)被选择成为优势菌科,比例分别为29.96%、5.44%和6.60%;Methyloversatilis、Ferruginibacter、动胶菌属(Zoogloea)和丛毛单胞菌属(Comamonas)被选择成为优势菌属,比例分别为21.70%、7.56%、5.24%和4.15%;Chao1、ACE、Shannon指数逐渐降低和Simpson指数逐渐升高,表明MBR污泥中微生物丰富度和多样性均降低;亚硝化单胞菌属(Nitrosomonas)、硝化螺旋菌属(Nitrospira)、产碱菌属(Alcaligenes)和硝化杆菌属(Nitrobacter)相对丰度减少,使得氨氮去除率降低.CIP抗性基因(CIP-ARGs)分析表明,当MBR在CIP投加浓度为5 mg·L-1下运行至第33 d时,反应器中的gyr A、gyr B和par C基因相对丰度较CIP投加初期增加,加大了抗药风险.A membrane bioreactor（MBR） was used to treat ciprofloxacin（CIP）-contaminated artificial wastewater. The microbial community structure and the abundance of antibiotic resistant genes（ARGs） in the MBR were studied at four CIP dosages（0,5 mg·L^-1,10 mg·L^-1,and 15 mg·L^-1）. The results showed that Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes remained the dominant phylum,with relative abundances of 57. 5% and 12. 7%,respectively,as the dosage of CIP was increased from 0 mg·L^-1 to 15 mg·L^-1.Rhodocyclaceae,Chitinophagaceae,and Comamonadaceae became the dominant family with abundances of 29. 96%,5. 44%,and6. 60%,respectively. Methyloversatilis,Ferruginibacter,Zoogloea,and Comamonas became the dominant genus,with relative abundances of 21. 70%,7. 56%,5. 24%,and 4. 15%,respectively. The decrease of Chao1,ACE,and Shannon and the increase of Simpson indicated a decrease in microbial abundance and diversity. The relative abundances of Nitrosomonas,Nitrospira,Alcaligenes,and Nitrobacter decreased,which caused a decrease in the NH3-N removal rate. A CIP-ARGs analysis revealed that the relative abundances of gyr A,gyr B,and par C were increased,beginning after the sludge was dosed with 5 mg·L^-1 of CIP for 33 days,which augmented the risk for microbial drug-resistance.

关 键 词：环丙沙星 膜生物反应器 微生物群落 氨氮 抗性基因 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X703